Objectives: 

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal physiological and psychological factors during pregnancy and after birth on infant and children's sleep outcomes.

Methods: 

Six databases were searched from inception to April 2021. Longitudinal studies that investigated the association of risk factors during and after pregnancy and children's sleep-related outcomes were included. Hedge's g and odds ratio were pooled as effect size with random effects model.

Results: 

A total of 32 articles were included. Both prenatal maternal alcohol use (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–3.28) and tobacco smoking (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.01–1.62) were associated with shorter child sleep duration. Prenatal and postnatal maternal depression symptoms were associated with increased child sleep problems at age 6 months (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.19–3.24, and 2.05, 95% CI: 1.37–3.07, respectively). Prenatal and postnatal maternal major depression disorders were associated with shorter sleep duration (Hedge's g = −0.97, 95% CI: −1.57 to −0.37) and lower sleep efficiency (Hedge's g = −1.44, 95% CI: −1.93 to −0.95). Prenatal anxiety had no impact on child sleep problems (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.86–2.10).

Conclusion: 

Maternal pregnancy and obstetric factors and psychological factors are potential risk factors of poor child sleep health. Future research is warranted to better understand the impact of these risk factors on long-term child sleep outcomes and their potential mediating mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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围产期生理和心理危险因素与儿童睡眠结果：系统回顾和荟萃分析

 目标：

本研究的目的是探讨孕期和产后母亲生理和心理因素对婴儿和儿童睡眠结局的影响。

 方法：

从一开始到 2021 年 4 月，我们对六个数据库进行了检索。其中包括调查怀孕期间和怀孕后危险因素与儿童睡眠相关结果之间关系的纵向研究。 Hedge 的 g 和优势比通过随机效应模型汇总为效应大小。

 结果：

共收录文章32篇。产前母亲饮酒（比值比 [OR] = 1.85，95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.04–3.28）和吸烟（OR = 1.28，95% CI：1.01–1.62）均与儿童睡眠时间较短相关。产前和产后母亲抑郁症状与 6 个月大的儿童睡眠问题增加相关（OR = 1.97，95% CI：1.19-3.24，和 2.05，95% CI：1.37-3.07）。产前和产后母亲重度抑郁症与较短的睡眠时间（Hedge's g = -0.97，95% CI：-1.57 至 -0.37）和较低的睡眠效率（Hedge's g = -1.44，95% CI：-1.93 至 -0.95）相关。 ）。产前焦虑对儿童睡眠问题没有影响（OR = 1.34，95% CI：0.86–2.10）。

 结论：

孕产妇妊娠及产科因素和心理因素是儿童睡眠健康不良的潜在危险因素。未来的研究有必要更好地了解这些风险因素对儿童长期睡眠结果的影响及其潜在的调节机制。