Drinking Water–Associated PFAS and Fluoroethers and Lipid Outcomes in the GenX Exposure Study,Environmental Health Perspectives

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Drinking Water–Associated PFAS and Fluoroethers and Lipid Outcomes in the GenX Exposure Study
Environmental Health Perspectives ( IF 10.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-9-07 , DOI: 10.1289/ehp11033
Emma M Rosen ₁ , Nadine Kotlarz _{2,

3,

4} , Detlef R U Knappe _{2,

4} , C Suzanne Lea _{4,

5} , David N Collier _{4,

6} , David B Richardson _{1,

7} , Jane A Hoppin _{3,

4}

Affiliation

Abstract

Background:

Residents of Wilmington, North, Carolina, were exposed to drinking water contaminated by fluoroethers and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), with fluoroether exposure occurring from 1980 to 2017. PFOA and PFOS have previously been associated with metabolic dysfunction; however, few prior studies have examined associations between other PFAS and lipid levels.

Objectives:

We measured the association between serum fluoroether and legacy PFAS levels and various cholesterol outcomes.

Methods:

Participants in the GenX Exposure Study contributed nonfasting blood samples in November 2017 and May 2018 that were analyzed for 20 PFAS (10 legacy, 10 fluoroethers) and serum lipids [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides] and calculated non-HDL cholesterol. We estimated covariate-adjusted associations between quartiles of exposure to each of the PFAS measures (as well as the summed concentrations of legacy PFAS, fluoroethers, and all 10 targeted PFAS) and lipid outcomes by fitting inverse probability of treatment weighted linear regressions.

Results:

In this cross-sectional study of 326 participants (age range 6–86 y), eight PFAS were detected in $greater than 50 percent$ of the population. For PFOS and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), non-HDL cholesterol was approximately $5 milligrams per deciliter$ higher per exposure quartile increase: [PFOS: 4.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 9.68 and PFNA: 5.25 (95% CI: 0.39, 10.1)], whereas total cholesterol was approximately $6 milligrams per deciliter$ higher per quartile [PFOS: 5.71 (95% CI: 0.38, 11.0), PFNA: 5.92 (95% CI: 0.19, 11.7)]. In age-stratified analyses, associations were strongest among the oldest participants. Two fluoroethers were associated with higher HDL, whereas other fluoroether compounds were not associated with serum lipid levels.

Discussion:

PFNA and PFOS were associated with higher levels of total and non-HDL cholesterol, with associations larger in magnitude among older adults. In the presence of these legacy PFAS, fluoroethers appeared to be associated with HDL but not non-HDL lipid measures. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11033

中文翻译：

GenX 暴露研究中与饮用水相关的 PFAS 和氟醚以及脂质结果

抽象的

背景：

卡罗莱纳州北威尔明顿的居民接触到的饮用水被氟醚和遗留的全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS)（例如全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 和全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS)）污染，氟醚暴露发生在 1980 年至 2017 年期间。 PFOA 和 PFOS 此前曾被认为与代谢功能障碍有关；然而，之前很少有研究探讨其他 PFAS 与血脂水平之间的关联。

目标：

我们测量了血清氟醚和遗留 PFAS 水平与各种胆固醇结果之间的关联。

方法：

GenX 暴露研究的参与者于 2017 年 11 月和 2018 年 5 月提供了非空腹血液样本，对这些样本进行了 20 种 PFAS（10 种传统物质、10 种氟醚）和血清脂质 [总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)、高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)] 的分析。）、甘油三酯]并计算非HDL胆固醇。我们通过拟合治疗加权线性回归的逆概率，估计了每种 PFAS 测量值暴露四分位数（以及传统 PFAS、氟醚和所有 10 种目标 PFAS 的总浓度）与血脂结果之间的协变量调整关联。

结果：

在这项对 326 名参与者（年龄范围 6-86 岁）进行的横断面研究中，在 $greater than 50 percent$ 的人口。对于 PFOS 和全氟壬酸 (PFNA)，非 HDL 胆固醇大约为 $5 milligrams per deciliter$ 每增加四分位数暴露量就会更高：[全氟辛烷磺酸：4.89； 95% 置信区间 (CI)：0.10、9.68 和 PFNA：5.25（95% CI：0.39、10.1）]，而总胆固醇约为 $6 milligrams per deciliter$ 每四分位数较高 [PFOS：5.71（95% CI：0.38，11.0），PFNA：5.92（95% CI：0.19，11.7）]。在年龄分层分析中，年龄最大的参与者之间的关联最强。两种氟醚与较高的 HDL 相关，而其他氟醚化合物与血清脂质水平无关。