Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) belongs to a class of biopolymers that can be produced from a variety of microorganism. Their properties are similar to synthetic plastics but are eco-friendly. This makes PHA an ideal substitute for synthetic plastic. In this process, Madhuca indica oil and Cupriavidus necator were used to produce PHA. Sodium nitrate was used as a nitrogen source. Effects of different nitrogen sources, their concentration, oil concentration, and inoculum volume on the production of PHA were extensively studied. The process was optimized using response surface methodology. The concentration of nitrogen source (0.12–0.60 g/L), oil concentration (2.5 to 17.5 g/L), and inoculum volume (10 to 50 v/v %) was found to have an impact on PHA yield, and optimum values were found for maximum PHA production using RSM. NMR and FT-IR were performed to characterize the sample, and the nature of polyhydroxyalkanoate was found. A model process plant was designed and simulated in Aspen plus V10, and economic evaluation was done using Aspen economic analyzer. Economic analysis was performed, and the total capital investment, annual operating cost, annual raw material cost, and payback period were found to be 2574420 $/year, 9767310 $/year, 7811400 $/year, and 3.8 years, respectively.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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聚羟基链烷酸酯的生产和优化：新型非食用油原料的利用，经济分析

聚羟基链烷酸酯（PHA）属于一类可由多种微生物生产的生物聚合物。它们的特性类似于合成塑料，但环保。这使得 PHA 成为合成塑料的理想替代品。在这个过程中，  Madhuca indica油和 Cupriavidus necator 用于生产PHA。硝酸钠用作氮源。广泛研究了不同氮源及其浓度、油浓度和接种量对 PHA 产量的影响。该过程使用响应面法进行了优化。发现氮源浓度 (0.12–0.60 g/L)、油浓度 (2.5 至 17.5 g/L) 和接种量 (10 至 50 v/v %) 对 PHA 产量有影响，最佳值使用 RSM 发现最大 PHA 产量。通过NMR和FT-IR对样品进行表征，发现了聚羟基链烷酸酯的性质。在 Aspen plus V10 中设计和模拟了一个模型加工厂，并使用 Aspen 经济分析仪进行了经济评估。进行了经济分析，总投资、年运营成本、

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