We examined ammonium glycyrrhizate listed in the monographs of the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) and United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) as well as in the reagents and solutions used in the general test of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia by performing HPLC on their sample standards or reference reagents under reported and modified conditions. Comparative experiments involving five authentic samples, namely, 18β-glycyrrhizin (1), 18α-glycyrrhizin (2), licorice–saponin G2 (3), licorice–saponin H2 (4), and galacturonic acid-replaced glycyrrhizin (the 4″-epimer of 18β-glycyrrhizin) (5), led us to propose the revision of the peak assignment of 18α-glycyrrhizin (2) and postscript a possible co-existence of galacturonic acid-replaced glycyrrhizin (5) as a hidden component in the EP and USP. We also proposed that the α-configuration used in the nomenclature of the glycosidic bond between aglycone and the sugar units of ammonium glycyrrhizate and impurities in the EP and USP should be revised to the β-configuration.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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在报告和修改条件下对欧洲、美国和日本药典中列出的甘草酸铵进行 HPLC 分析：欧洲和美国药典中 18α-甘草甜素峰分配的修订

我们通过对欧洲药典 (EP) 和美国药典 (USP) 各论中列出的甘草酸铵以及日本药典一般测试中使用的试剂和溶液，通过对其样品标准品或参考试剂进行 HPLC 检测报告和修改的条件。18β-甘草甜素（1）、18α-甘草甜素（2）、甘草皂甙G2（3）、甘草皂甙H2（4）、半乳糖醛酸替代甘草甜素（4″- 18β-甘草甜素的差向异构体) ( 5 ), 导致我们提出修改 18α-甘草甜素的峰分配 ( 2) 和后记半乳糖醛酸替代甘草甜素 ( 5 ) 作为 EP 和 USP 中的隐藏成分可能共存。我们还建议将 EP 和 USP 中糖苷配基与甘草酸铵糖单元和杂质之间的糖苷键命名法中使用的 α-构型修改为 β-构型。

图形概要