Patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) have a risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We sought to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with primary ITP who later developed SLE and identified the risk factors for the development of SLE. We retrospectively examined patients who were diagnosed with primary ITP at a tertiary hospital between August 2001 and November 2019. We compared the clinical characteristics according to the development of SLE. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the development of SLE. Of 130 patients with primary ITP, 10 (7.7%) were later diagnosed with SLE during follow-up (median, 30 months [IQR, 15.5–105]). The presence of skin bleeding, organ bleeding, lymphocytopenia, anemia, and antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity (≥ 1:160) were more common among patients who later developed SLE than did those who did not develop SLE. Multivariate analysis showed that young age (< 40 years; odds ratio [OR], 6.307 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.114–34.908]; P = 0.035), organ bleeding (OR, 13.672 [95% CI, 2.437–76.689]; P = 0.003), and ANA positivity (1:160; OR, 6.638 [95% CI, 1.399–31.504]; P = 0.017) were significantly associated with the development of SLE. Young age (< 40 years), organ bleeding, and ANA positivity (≥ 1:160) were risk factors for the development of SLE in patients with primary ITP. Close follow-up is needed to detect the development of SLE in patients with ITP and the abovementioned risk factors.

中文翻译：

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免疫性血小板减少症患者发生系统性红斑狼疮的预后因素

患有免疫性血小板减少症 (ITP) 的患者有发生系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE) 的风险。我们试图检查后来发展为 SLE 的原发性 ITP 患者的临床特征，并确定了发展为 SLE 的危险因素。我们回顾性检查了 2001 年 8 月至 2019 年 11 月在一家三级医院诊断为原发性 ITP 的患者。我们根据 SLE 的发展比较了临床特征。进行逻辑回归分析以确定与 SLE 发展相关的因素。在 130 名原发性 ITP 患者中，10 名（7.7%）后来在随访期间被诊断为 SLE（中位数，30 个月 [IQR，15.5-105]）。存在皮肤出血、器官出血、淋巴细胞减少、贫血和抗核抗体（ANA）阳性（≥1：160) 在后来发展为 SLE 的患者中比未发展为 SLE 的患者更常见。多变量分析显示，年轻（< 40 岁；优势比 [OR]，6.307 [95% CI，1.114–34.908]；P = 0.035），器官出血（OR，13.672 [95% CI，2.437– 76.689]；P = 0.003）和 ANA 阳性（1:160；OR，6.638 [95% CI，1.399-31.504]；P = 0.017）与 SLE 的发展显着相关。年轻（< 40 岁）、器官出血和 ANA 阳性（≥ 1:160）是原发性 ITP 患者发生 SLE 的危险因素。需要密切随访以检测 ITP 患者 SLE 的发展和上述危险因素。307 [95% 置信区间 (CI)，1.114–34.908]；P = 0.035)、器官出血 (OR, 13.672 [95% CI, 2.437–76.689]; P = 0.003) 和 ANA 阳性 (1:160; OR, 6.638 [95% CI, 1.399–31.504]; P = 0.017 ) 与 SLE 的发展显着相关。年轻（< 40 岁）、器官出血和 ANA 阳性（≥ 1:160）是原发性 ITP 患者发生 SLE 的危险因素。需要密切随访以检测 ITP 患者 SLE 的发展和上述危险因素。307 [95% 置信区间 (CI)，1.114–34.908]；P = 0.035)、器官出血 (OR, 13.672 [95% CI, 2.437–76.689]; P = 0.003) 和 ANA 阳性 (1:160; OR, 6.638 [95% CI, 1.399–31.504]; P = 0.017 ) 与 SLE 的发展显着相关。年轻（< 40 岁）、器官出血和 ANA 阳性（≥ 1:160）是原发性 ITP 患者发生 SLE 的危险因素。需要密切随访以检测 ITP 患者 SLE 的发展和上述危险因素。160) 是原发性 ITP 患者发生 SLE 的危险因素。需要密切随访以检测 ITP 患者 SLE 的发展和上述危险因素。160) 是原发性 ITP 患者发生 SLE 的危险因素。需要密切随访以检测 ITP 患者 SLE 的发展和上述危险因素。