Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of gut-brain interaction affecting 4% of the world's population. Patients with IBS experience chronic or recurrent abdominal pain in combination with altered bowel habits (diarrhea and/or constipation), and have reduced quality of life. Despite the high prevalence and substantial burden of IBS, its pathophysiology is incompletely understood and remains to be elucidated. The importance of the gut microenvironment has been highlighted in IBS, as there are signs that the gut microbiota of patients differs from healthy controls. Recent studies have aimed to alter the gut microbiota and thereby, attempted to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS patients. We highlighted recent advances in common treatments that are targeting the luminal gut microbiota in IBS.

肠易激综合征 (IBS) 是一种常见的肠-脑相互作用疾病，影响全球 4% 的人口。IBS 患者经历慢性或复发性腹痛并伴有排便习惯改变（腹泻和/或便秘），并且生活质量下降。尽管 IBS 的患病率很高且负担很大，但其病理生理学尚不完全清楚，仍有待阐明。IBS 强调了肠道微环境的重要性，因为有迹象表明患者的肠道微生物群与健康对照组不同。最近的研究旨在改变肠道微生物群，从而试图减轻 IBS 患者的胃肠道症状。我们强调了针对 IBS 中肠腔肠道微生物群的常见治疗的最新进展。