Fibres derived from waste can be used in textile industries, cosmetics, wastewater treatment, etc. In the present study, the potential use of biosorbent material obtained from Cucumis melo for the removal of antibiotic, cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions have been investigated. Seed coat from C. melo have been used to extract cellulose fibres which were characterised using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The rheological properties such as moisture and ash content, amount of cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose of fibre and its thermal stability using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analyser (DTA) and bioactivity like antibacterial and antioxidant activities for the seed coat and the extracted fibre were examined. Furthermore, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesised using co-precipitation method and was coated onto the extracted fibre and used for the removal of different dyes and antibiotic. It was observed that SPION-coated muskmelon fibre showed highest removal of dyes—crystal violet, methylene blue, Congo red and antibiotic rifampicin—with the percentage 79.67%, 60.55%, 91.98% and 72.79%, respectively, compared with seed coat and extracted fibre. Results suggest that the biosorbents from C. melo could be an effective and eco-friendly alternative for the removal of pollutants from aqueous contaminations.

来自废物的纤维可用于纺织工业、化妆品、废水处理等。在本研究中，研究了从黄瓜中获得的生物吸附材料在去除水溶液中抗生素、阳离子和阴离子染料的潜在用途。来自C. melo的种皮已被用于提取纤维素纤维，并使用紫外-可见光谱 (UV-Vis)、傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 和 X 射线衍射光谱 (XRD) 对其进行表征。使用热重分析 (TGA) 和差热分析仪 (DTA) 测定纤维的水分和灰分含量、纤维素、木质素、半纤维素的含量及其热稳定性等流变特性，以及种皮和提取物的抗菌和抗氧化活性等生物活性纤维进行了检查。此外，使用共沉淀法合成了超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（SPIONs），并将其涂覆在提取的纤维上，用于去除不同的染料和抗生素。据观察，涂有 SPION 的甜瓜纤维显示出最高的染料去除率——结晶紫、与种皮和提取纤维相比，亚甲蓝、刚果红和抗生素利福平的百分比分别为 79.67%、60.55%、91.98% 和 72.79%。结果表明，生物吸附剂来自C. melo可能是从水污染物中去除污染物的有效且环保的替代品。