In most communication scenarios, antennas are often required to achieve broadband and directional radiation, and beam squint with frequency is unfavorable for broadband signal transmission. The traditional leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) have beam squint with frequency. In this letter, an LWA with fixed beam direction in a broadband is designed with consistent gain over the band. A ridge gap waveguide (RGW) is adopted to construct a nondispersive structure, and one lateral side is connected to a parallel plate filled with dielectric slab. Thus, leakage radiation is produced at the interface between the RGW and the parallel plate, generating a beam with fixed direction and high gain. The novelty is that in theory the fixed beam can be realized in infinite band owing to the nondispersive waveguide. Finally, a broad band of up to 58% (from 22 to 40 GHz) is achieved due to the limitations of the stopband structure and feeding port. The measured beam is fixed at 41° over the whole band, with a slight beam deviation of 2.6°. The realized gain is consistent over the band with a peak gain of 19.3 dBi. The designing method provides a simple and efficient way to realize the broadband fixed-beam LWAs.

中文翻译：

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基于脊隙波导的宽带固定波束一致高增益漏波天线


在大多数通信场景中，往往需要天线实现宽带、定向辐射，而随频率的波束斜视不利于宽带信号传输。传统的漏波天线（LWA）具有随频率变化的波束斜视。在这封信中，设计了一种在宽带中具有固定波束方向的 LWA，其在整个频段上具有一致的增益。采用脊隙波导（RGW）构建非色散结构，其一侧连接到填充有介质板的平行板。这样，RGW和平行板之间的界面处就会产生泄漏辐射，产生方向固定、增益较高的光束。新颖之处在于，由于非色散波导，理论上可以在无限频带内实现固定光束。最终，由于阻带结构和馈电端口的限制，实现了高达 58% 的宽带（从 22 到 40 GHz）。测得的光束在整个频段内固定在41°，光束偏差轻微为2.6°。实现的增益在整个频段内保持一致，峰值增益为 19.3 dBi。该设计方法为实现宽带固定波束LWA提供了一种简单有效的方法。