The purpose of this study was to reveal the anatomical risk factors for anterior and posterior cruciate ligament (ACL and PCL) injuries and menisci injury. We aim to investigate whether there are significant relationships between tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, patella angle, trochlear sulcus angle (TSA), trochlear groove depth (TGD), medial and lateral trochlea length (MT and LT), MT/LT ratio, lateral patellar tilt angle (LPTA), patella-patellar tendon angle (P-PTA), quadriceps-patellar tendon angle (QPA), Insall-Salvati index (ISI), medial and lateral trochlear inclination (MTI and LTI) measurements and important common pathologies such as ACL, PCL, medial and lateral meniscal injuries (MM and LM), peripatellar fat pad edema, chondromalacia, and effusion. Thus, the mechanisms of injury will be better understood by revealing important anatomical variations for meniscus and ligament damage. Three hundred eighty patients with knee magnetic resonance imaging examination were included in this study. Our patients who underwent knee magnetic resonance imaging were divided into groups according to the presence of MM tear, LM tear, ACL tear, PCL tear, peripatellar fat pad edema, chondromalacia and effusion. TT-TG distance, patella angle, TSA, TGD, MT, LT, MT/LT ratio, LPTA, P-PTA, QPA, ISI, MTI, and LTI were measured. In patients with ACL tear, age, LT, ML/LT ratio, and QPA measurements were found to be significantly higher. There was no significant difference between the participants' LPTA value and the presence of ACL tear, MM and LM injury. MT and ML/LT ratio were found to be significantly lower in the group with MM tear (p <0.001). The TT-TG distance was found to be significantly lower in the group with LM tear. Increased age, LT, ML/LT ratio, and QPA are predisposed risk for ACL tear. Decreased MT and ML/LT ratio are among the risk factors for MM tear. The anatomical variations are associated with ligament and meniscal injury.

本研究的目的是揭示前后交叉韧带（ACL 和 PCL）损伤和半月板损伤的解剖学危险因素。我们的目的是研究胫骨结节-滑车沟（TT-TG）距离、髌骨角度、滑车沟角度（TSA）、滑车沟深度（TGD）、内侧和外侧滑车长度（MT和LT）之间是否存在显着关系。 MT/LT 比、外侧髌骨倾斜角 (LPTA)、髌骨-髌腱角 (P-PTA)、股四头肌-髌腱角 (QPA)、Insall-Salvati 指数 (ISI)、内侧和外侧滑车倾斜度（MTI 和 LTI） ）测量和重要的常见病理，如 ACL、PCL、内侧和外侧半月板损伤（MM 和 LM）、髌周围脂肪垫水肿、软骨软化和积液。因此，通过揭示半月板和韧带损伤的重要解剖变化，可以更好地理解损伤机制。本研究纳入了 380 名进行膝关节磁共振成像检查的患者。我们将接受膝关节磁共振成像的患者根据是否存在 MM 撕裂、LM 撕裂、ACL 撕裂、PCL 撕裂、髌骨周围脂肪垫水肿、软骨软化和积液分为几组。测量TT-TG距离、髌骨角度、TSA、TGD、MT、LT、MT/LT比、LPTA、P-PTA、QPA、ISI、MTI和LTI。在 ACL 撕裂患者中，年龄、LT、ML/LT 比值和 QPA 测量值显着较高。参与者的 LPTA 值与 ACL 撕裂、MM 和 LM 损伤的存在情况之间没有显着差异。发现 MM 撕裂组的 MT 和 ML/LT 比率显着较低 ( p <0.001)。发现 LM 撕裂组的 TT-TG 距离显着较低。年龄、LT、ML/LT 比值和 QPA 的增加是 ACL 撕裂的易感风险。MT 和 ML/LT 比值下降是 MM 撕裂的危险因素之一。解剖学变化与韧带和半月板损伤有关。