Objective: 

The purpose of this study was to examine associations between maternal trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and directly observed maternal-child interactions among a diverse cohort of mother-preterm infant dyads at 12-month corrected age.

Methods: 

We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Maternal trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms were measured using the Modified Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale at baseline and 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome was directly observed maternal-child interactions at 12-month corrected age using the Coding Interactive Behavior Manual. We used linear regression models to estimate the associations between trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms (and symptom clusters), and observer-rated maternal-child interactions.

Results: 

Among the 236 participants, 89 (37.7%) self-reported as Black and 98 (41.5%) as Latina; mean gestational age of the infants was 31.6 weeks (SD 2.6). Mothers with posttraumatic stress symptoms demonstrated greater maternal sensitivity (β = 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06–0.58; standardized effect size = 0.39) and greater dyadic reciprocity (β = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.04–0.73; standardized effect size = 0.36) compared with those not exposed to trauma; however, we did not observe significant differences between trauma-exposed but asymptomatic women and those not exposed to trauma. Across symptom clusters, differences in maternal sensitivity and dyadic reciprocity were most pronounced for mothers with avoidance and re-experiencing symptoms, but not hyperarousal symptoms.

Conclusion: 

Maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms seem to be associated with the quality of maternal-child interactions at age 1 year among a cohort of urban, mother-preterm infant dyads. These findings have implications for strength-based intervention development.

中文翻译：

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早产儿母亲的创伤后应激症状和母子互动质量

 客观的：

本研究的目的是检查母亲创伤暴露、创伤后应激症状以及直接观察到的 12 个月校正年龄的不同母亲-早产儿二人组中母子互动之间的关联。

 方法：

我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究。在基线以及第 6 个月和第 12 个月时，使用改良创伤后应激障碍症状量表测量产妇的创伤暴露和创伤后应激症状。主要结果是使用编码互动行为手册直接观察 12 个月校正年龄时的母婴互动。我们使用线性回归模型来估计创伤暴露、创伤后应激症状（和症状群）和观察者评价的母婴互动之间的关联。

 结果：

在 236 名参与者中，89 人（37.7%）自称是黑人，98 人（41.5%）是拉丁裔；婴儿的平均胎龄为 31.6 周 (SD 2.6)。有创伤后应激症状的母亲表现出更高的母亲敏感性（β = 0.32；95% 置信区间 [CI]，0.06–0.58；标准化效应大小 = 0.39）和更大的二元互惠性（β = 0.39；95% CI，0.04–0.73；标准化）效应大小 = 0.36) 与未遭受创伤的人相比；然而，我们没有观察到遭受过创伤但无症状的女性与未遭受过创伤的女性之间存在显着差异。在所有症状群中，对于有回避症状和重新经历症状的母亲，母亲敏感性和二元互惠性的差异最为明显，但对于过度警觉症状的母亲则不然。

 结论：

在一群城市母亲-早产儿二人组中，母亲的创伤后应激症状似乎与 1 岁时母婴互动的质量有关。这些发现对基于力量的干预措施的发展具有影响。