Pulmonary stenosis is one of the most common complications in patients with transposition of the great arteries after the arterial switch operation. The reason for this is multifactorial and related to the anterior shift of the pulmonary trunk during the LeCompte manoeuvre, the complex suture line required to fill the gaps after harvesting the coronary arteries, and the need for patch implantation to maintain a tensionless anastomosis.

We reviewed all patients with transposition of the great arteries operated on at our institute between 1991 and 2020 to establish the frequency of pulmonary stenosis during post-operative follow-up, reinterventions, and reoperations related to pulmonary stenosis and its potential risk factors.

During the analysed period, we performed 848 arterial switch operations for simple and complex cases of transposition of the great arteries. The overall early mortality was 6.96%, and the late mortality was 2.53%. Among all study groups, 243 (28.66%) patients developed mild pulmonary stenosis, 43 patients (5.07%) developed moderate, and 45 patients (5.31%) developed severe pulmonary stenosis. During follow-up, 21 patients required interventions related to pulmonary stenosis. Pulmonary reconstruction with patches, aortic arch anomalies, and ventricular septal defects associated with transposition of the great arteries were significant risk factors. Nine patients required reoperation because of pulmonary artery stenosis with patch reconstruction of the pulmonary artery, aortic arch anomalies, and aortic cross-clamping time, increasing the risk of reoperation.

Pulmonary stenosis in patients with transposition of the great arteries after the arterial switch operation is a common complication. If significant, it occurs early after surgery and is the most frequent reason for post-operative interventions and reoperations.

肺动脉狭窄是大动脉转位患者术后最常见的并发症之一。其原因是多因素的，与 LeCompte 操作期间肺干的前移、采集冠状动脉后填充间隙所需的复杂缝合线以及需要植入补片以维持无张力吻合有关。

我们回顾了 1991 年至 2020 年期间在我们研究所接受大动脉转位手术的所有患者，以确定术后随访、再次干预和与肺动脉狭窄相关的再次手术期间发生肺动脉狭窄的频率及其潜在危险因素。

在分析期间，我们针对简单和复杂的大动脉转位病例进行了 848 例动脉调转手术。总体早期死亡率为6.96%，晚期死亡率为2.53%。所有研究组中，243例（28.66%）患者出现轻度肺动脉狭窄，43例（5.07%）患者出现中度肺动脉狭窄，45例（5.31%）患者出现重度肺动脉狭窄。随访期间，21 名患者需要进行与肺动脉狭窄相关的干预措施。肺修补、主动脉弓异常和与大动脉转位相关的室间隔缺损是重要的危险因素。9例患者因肺动脉补片重建导致肺动脉狭窄、主动脉弓异常、主动脉阻断时间延长而需要再次手术，增加了再次手术的风险。

大动脉转位患者的肺动脉狭窄是动脉转调手术后常见的并发症。如果严重，则发生在手术后早期，并且是术后干预和再次手术的最常见原因。