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Burning questions for a warming and changing world: 15 unknowns in plant abiotic stress.
The Plant Cell ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-02 , DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac263
Paul E Verslues,Julia Bailey-Serres,Craig Brodersen,Thomas N Buckley,Lucio Conti,Alexander Christmann,José R Dinneny,Erwin Grill,Scott Hayes,Robert W Heckman,Po-Kai Hsu,Thomas E Juenger,Paloma Mas,Teun Munnik,Hilde Nelissen,Lawren Sack,Julian I Schroeder,Christa Testerink,Stephen D Tyerman,Taishi Umezawa,Philip A Wigge

We present unresolved questions in plant abiotic stress biology as posed by 15 research groups with expertise spanning eco-physiology to cell and molecular biology. Common themes of these questions include the need to better understand how plants detect water availability, temperature, salinity, and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels; how environmental signals interface with endogenous signaling and development (e.g. circadian clock and flowering time); and how this integrated signaling controls downstream responses (e.g. stomatal regulation, proline metabolism, and growth versus defense balance). The plasma membrane comes up frequently as a site of key signaling and transport events (e.g. mechanosensing and lipid-derived signaling, aquaporins). Adaptation to water extremes and rising CO2 affects hydraulic architecture and transpiration, as well as root and shoot growth and morphology, in ways not fully understood. Environmental adaptation involves tradeoffs that limit ecological distribution and crop resilience in the face of changing and increasingly unpredictable environments. Exploration of plant diversity within and among species can help us know which of these tradeoffs represent fundamental limits and which ones can be circumvented by bringing new trait combinations together. Better defining what constitutes beneficial stress resistance in different contexts and making connections between genes and phenotypes, and between laboratory and field observations, are overarching challenges.

中文翻译:

全球变暖和变化的迫切问题:植物非生物胁迫中的 15 个未知数。

我们提出了植物非生物胁迫生物学中未解决的问题,这些问题是由 15 个研究小组提出的,这些研究小组具有从生态生理学到细胞和分子生物学的专业知识。这些问题的共同主题包括需要更好地了解植物如何检测水的可用性、温度、盐度和上升的二氧化碳 (CO2) 水平;环境信号如何与内源性信号和发育相互作用(例如生物钟和开花时间);以及这种综合信号如何控制下游反应(例如气孔调节、脯氨酸代谢以及生长与防御平衡)。质膜经常作为关键信号和传输事件(例如机械传感和脂质衍生信号、水通道蛋白)的位点出现。适应极端水和二氧化碳上升会影响水力结构和蒸腾作用,以及根和芽的生长和形态,其方式尚不完全清楚。环境适应涉及在面对不断变化和越来越不可预测的环境时限制生态分布和作物恢复力的权衡。探索物种内和物种间的植物多样性可以帮助我们了解这些权衡中哪些代表了基本限制,哪些可以通过将新的性状组合在一起来规避。更好地定义在不同情况下什么构成有益的抗压性,以及在基因和表型之间以及实验室和实地观察之间建立联系,是首要的挑战。环境适应涉及在面对不断变化和越来越不可预测的环境时限制生态分布和作物恢复力的权衡。探索物种内和物种间的植物多样性可以帮助我们了解这些权衡中哪些代表了基本限制,哪些可以通过将新的性状组合在一起来规避。更好地定义在不同情况下什么构成有益的抗压性,以及在基因和表型之间以及实验室和实地观察之间建立联系,是首要的挑战。环境适应涉及在面对不断变化和越来越不可预测的环境时限制生态分布和作物恢复力的权衡。探索物种内和物种间的植物多样性可以帮助我们了解这些权衡中哪些代表了基本限制,哪些可以通过将新的性状组合在一起来规避。更好地定义在不同情况下什么构成有益的抗压性,以及在基因和表型之间以及实验室和实地观察之间建立联系,是首要的挑战。
更新日期:2022-08-26
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