Fleshy fruit ripening involves changes in numerous cellular processes and metabolic pathways, resulting from the coordinated actions of diverse classes of structural and regulatory proteins. These include enzymes, transporters and complex signal transduction systems. Many aspects of the signaling machinery that orchestrates the ripening of climacteric fruits, such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), have been elucidated, but less is known about analogous processes in non-climacteric fruits. The latter include strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) and grape (Vitis vinifera), both of which are used as non-climacteric fruit experimental model systems, although they originate from different organs: the grape berry is a true fruit derived from the ovary, while strawberry is an accessory fruit that is derived from the floral receptacle. In this article, we summarize insights into the signal transduction events involved in strawberry and grape berry ripening. We highlight the mechanisms underlying non-climacteric fruit ripening, the multiple primary signals and their integrated action, individual signaling components, pathways and their crosstalk, as well as the associated transcription factors and their signaling output.

中文翻译：

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非跃变果实成熟中的信号转导

肉质果实成熟涉及许多细胞过程和代谢途径的变化，这是由不同类别的结构和调节蛋白的协调作用引起的。这些包括酶、转运蛋白和复杂的信号转导系统。已经阐明了协调更年期水果（例如番茄（Solanum lycopersicum））成熟的信号机制的许多方面，但对非更年期水果中的类似过程知之甚少。后者包括草莓 (Fragaria x ananassa) 和葡萄 (Vitis vinifera)，两者均作为非更年期水果实验模型系统，虽然它们起源于不同的器官：葡萄浆果是源自子房的真正果实，而草莓是来自花托的附属水果。在本文中，我们总结了对草莓和葡萄浆果成熟所涉及的信号转导事件的见解。我们强调了非跃变果实成熟的机制、多个主要信号及其综合作用、单个信号成分、途径及其串扰，以及相关的转录因子及其信号输出。