Abstract

Present work used squeezed processed Nigella sativa seeds (PSNS) for water remediation for the first time. (PSNS) has no recorded use in literature. Present work used Nigella sativa seeds after extracting oil which have several medical uses. PSNS shows high performance for water remediation according to present study, in addition it is safe edible material. Processed squeezed Nigella sativa seeds (PSNS) were used for the removal of cadmium and nickel ions form the aqueous solutions. PSNS was characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) which indicate that major elements present in PSNS surface are carbon, nitrogen and oxygen elements with other minor elements such as potassium, calcium and magnesium, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) before and after metal ion removal to indicate functional groups responsible for the adsorption. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) indicate the low porosity of PSNS and small surface area. Batch experiments were conducted to study metal ions removal indicated that Cd and Ni ions required 30 and 60 min to reach equilibrium respectively. Studies on metal ion solution pH indicated that pH 5 and 4 have the highest metal ion removal for Cd and Ni respectively. As PSNS Particle size decrease the amount of the metal ions removed increases. isothermal studies indicated that adsorption of Cd fit to Langmuir isotherm and Ni to Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic studies showed that adsorption of Cd and Ni fit to pseudo second order kinetic model which means that adsorption on PSNS is chemisorption with adsorption capacity of 9.78 and 4.53 mg g^–1 for Cd and Ni ions respectively. According to the enthalpy data of thermodynamic study, adsorption of Cd is exothermic process, but it is endothermic for Ni ion.

中文翻译：

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评估加工的挤压黑种草种子有效去除水溶液中的镉和镍离子的能力

摘要

目前的工作首次使用挤压加工的Nigella sativa种子 (PSNS) 进行水修复。（PSNS）在文献中没有记录使用。目前的工作是在提取具有多种医疗用途的油后使用黑种草种子。根据目前的研究，PSNS 显示出高性能的水修复，此外它是安全的可食用材料。加工挤压黑种草种子（PSNS）用于从水溶液中去除镉和镍离子。PSNS 的特征是能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDS)，表明 PSNS 表面存在的主要元素是碳、氮和氧元素，其他微量元素如钾、钙和镁，以及傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR)在去除金属离子之前和之后，以指示负责吸附的官能团。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像和 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 表明 PSNS 的孔隙率低且表面积小。进行批量实验研究金属离子去除表明Cd和Ni离子分别需要30和60分钟才能达到平衡。对金属离子溶液 pH 值的研究表明，pH 5 和 4 分别对 Cd 和 Ni 的金属离子去除率最高。随着 PSNS 粒度的减小，去除的金属离子量增加。等温研究表明，Cd 的吸附符合 Langmuir 等温线，Ni 的吸附符合 Freundlich 等温线。动力学研究表明，Cd 和 Ni 的吸附符合准二级动力学模型，这意味着 PSNS 上的吸附是化学吸附，吸附容量分别为 9.78 和 4.53 mg g^–1分别表示 Cd 和 Ni 离子。根据热力学研究的焓数据，Cd的吸附是放热过程，而Ni离子的吸附是吸热的。