Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cardiovascular disease share many important risk factors, but some associations differ. However, there are no studies that have compared their shared and specific risk factors. The present study aimed to compare risk factors for PD, coronary events, or ischemic stroke. We prospectively analyzed data from 26,210 participants with lifestyle factors aged 45–73 years enrolled between 1991 and 1996. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD, coronary events, or ischemic stroke in relation to each factor. A modified Lunn-McNeil competing risk analysis was performed to compare the HR strength of the three outcomes. A total of 486 incident PD cases, 3288 coronary events cases and 2,972 ischemic stroke cases occurred during a mean follow-up of 21 years. In multivariable models, age (per additional year: HR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.09), diabetes (HR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.26), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (per SD increase: HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.19), and fasting blood glucose (per SD increase: HR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.36) are the risk factors for PD, whereas female sex (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.67), smoking (current smoker [HR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.74] and former smoker [HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.99]), HDL (per SD increase: HR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.95), and LDL (per SD increase: HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96) are the protective factors. A comparison of risk factors for PD, coronary events, and ischemic stroke showed the three outcomes had concordant and discordant risk factors. Our results indicated the risk factor profiles for PD, coronary events, or ischemic stroke had many similarities, but also significant differences.

帕金森病 (PD) 和心血管疾病有许多重要的危险因素，但有些关联不同。然而，没有研究比较他们共同的和特定的风险因素。本研究旨在比较 PD、冠状动脉事件或缺血性卒中的危险因素。我们前瞻性分析了 1991 年至 1996 年间纳入的 26,210 名年龄为 45-73 岁的参与者的数据。Cox 比例风险模型用于计算 PD、冠状动脉事件或缺血性卒中与每个因素的关系。进行了修改的 Lunn-McNeil 竞争风险分析，以比较三种结果的 HR 强度。平均随访 21 年，共发生 486 例 PD 病例、3288 例冠状动脉事件病例和 2972​​ 例缺血性卒中病例。在多变量模型中，年龄（每增加一年：HR = 1.08；95% CI：1.06、1.09）、糖尿病（HR = 1.52；95% CI：1.02、2.26）、中性粒细胞 - 淋巴细胞比率（每 SD 增加：HR = 1.09 ; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.19) 和空腹血糖 (每 SD 增加: HR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.36) 是 PD 的危险因素，而女性 (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.67), 吸烟 (当前吸烟者 [HR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.74] 和前吸烟者 [HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.99]), HDL (每 SD 增加: HR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.95) 和 LDL (每 SD 增加: HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96) 是保护因素。PD、冠状动脉事件和缺血性卒中的危险因素比较表明，这三种结果具有一致和不一致的危险因素。我们的结果表明了 PD、冠状动脉事件、