Abstract

Much scholarship has discussed how the expansion of the carceral state in the U.S. has consequences for other facets of the democracy. Specifically, felony disenfranchisement laws create a class of “carceral citizens” comprised disproportionately of racially minoritized individuals, and voter ID laws likewise closely mirror racialized segregation efforts that parallel the effects of justice system policies. Despite these clear theoretical linkages, little research has examined whether the anti-welfarism, anti-immigrant attitudes, and symbolic racism which fuel public punitiveness similarly increase support for voting restrictions. Further, it is unknown whether punitiveness itself intervenes in these relationships. Analyses of data from the 2020 American National Election Survey (N = 7,453) reveal considerable overlap between the sources of both punitiveness and voting restriction policies, and punitiveness sets an indirect path through which these social sensibilities influence support for voting restrictions. Further, party-specific analyses reveal that these associations generally are stronger for Democrats than Republicans.

摘要

许多学者讨论了美国监狱国家的扩张如何对民主的其他方面产生影响。具体来说，重罪剥夺公民权的法律创造了一个“监禁公民”阶层，其中不成比例地由少数族裔个人组成，而选民身份法同样密切反映了与司法系统政策的效果相似的种族隔离努力。尽管有这些明确的理论联系，但很少有研究探讨反福利主义、反移民态度和象征性种族主义是否会助长公众惩罚，同样增加对投票限制的支持。此外，尚不清楚惩罚本身是否会干预这些关系。2020 年美国全国选举调查数据分析 ( N = 7,453）揭示了惩罚性政策和投票限制政策的来源之间存在相当大的重叠，并且惩罚性设置了一条间接路径，通过该路径这些社会敏感性影响对投票限制的支持。此外，针对具体政党的分析表明，民主党人的这些关联通常比共和党人更强。