Objective

Current research on the effects of mindfulness therapy on MCI and insomnia has been inconsistent. It is still a hot topic of research and discussion. This study aimed to improve the sleep quality, cognition, and mental state of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with insomnia.

Methods

A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-five patients who met the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to the mindfulness (n = 38) or health education (n = 37) treatment group. The primary outcomes were sleep, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory, and cognition, measured by The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination. Secondary outcomes included insomnia, measured by the Insomnia Severity Index, depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. EEG signals were collected at rest with eyes closed in the mindfulness state. The power spectrum was analyzed from these data.

Results

Cognitive function and sleep quality were significantly improved in the mindfulness group (95% confidence interval 0.04 - 0.05, 0.03 - 0.04, -5.58 - -1.55, respectively). Anxiety and perceived stress scores were significantly lower than those in the control group (95% confidence interval 0.002 - 0.004, 0.009 – 0.013, respectively). The power spectrum differences in δ, θ, β, and γ bands were significant between the rest and mindfulness states (P < .05). Good safety was achieved in both groups with no deaths or serious adverse events.

Conclusion

Mindfulness improved sleep quality, cognitive function, and mentality of patients. Mindfulness practice caused deep relaxation in the brain and changes in electrical frequency bands associated with attention and cognitive tasks. Mindfulness learning can be performed successfully for individuals with MCI. Additionally, it is suitable for adoption in nursing homes.

中文翻译：

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正念对伴有失眠的轻度认知障碍患者的影响：一项双盲随机对照试验

客观的

目前关于正念疗法对 MCI 和失眠影响的研究一直不一致。它仍然是研究和讨论的热门话题。本研究旨在改善伴有失眠的轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的睡眠质量、认知和精神状态。

方法

进行了一项双盲随机对照试验。符合资格标准的 75 名患者被随机分配到正念 ( n  = 38) 或健康教育 ( n  = 37) 治疗组。主要结果是睡眠，由匹兹堡睡眠质量清单测量，认知，由蒙特利尔认知评估和简易精神状态检查测量。次要结局包括失眠症（通过失眠症严重指数衡量）、抑郁症、焦虑症和感知压力。在正念状态下闭上眼睛休息时收集脑电图信号。从这些数据分析功率谱。

结果

正念组的认知功能和睡眠质量显着改善（95% 置信区间分别为 0.04 - 0.05、0.03 - 0.04、-5.58 - -1.55）。焦虑和感知压力评分显着低于对照组（95% 置信区间分别为 0.002 - 0.004、0.009 - 0.013）。在静息状态和正念状态之间，δ、θ、β和γ波段的功率谱差异显着（P  < .05）。两组均实现了良好的安全性，没有死亡或严重的不良事件。

结论

正念改善了患者的睡眠质量、认知功能和心态。正念练习导致大脑深度放松，并改变与注意力和认知任务相关的电频段。MCI 患者可以成功地进行正念学习。此外，它适合在疗养院收养。