Targets for protecting predatory species often fail to consider the human costs of conservation. Human–wildlife interactions can increase following conservation action and present a major ecological and socioeconomic challenge. Using semistructured interviews (n = 103), participatory mapping (n = 57) and Baited Remote Underwater Video Stations (50 h) we investigated fisher-shark interactions in one of the world's principal shark sanctuaries. Seventy-three percent of respondents reported an increase in shark depredation postsanctuary implementation. Fisher-reported losses due to shark depredation varied significantly between fisheries and were disproportionately high for reef fishers (>21% of daily vessel earnings). This is attributed to extensive spatial overlap (55%–78%) between reef fishing activity and ecologically validated shark hotspots. We show significant correlations between perceptions of depredation and support for shark sanctuary regulations. Findings demonstrate the need to consider fisher–shark interactions in current and future conservation planning and suggest that management of depredation must be sensitive to diverging perceptions among fisher groups.

中文翻译：

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渔民与鲨鱼的互动：生计受到鲨鱼捕食影响的珊瑚礁渔民对马尔代夫鲨鱼保护区失去支持

保护掠食性物种的目标往往没有考虑保护的人类成本。采取保护行动后，人类与野生动物的互动会增加，并带来重大的生态和社会经济挑战。使用半结构化访谈（n  = 103）、参与式映射（n = 57) 和 Baited Remote Underwater Video Stations (50 h)，我们调查了世界主要鲨鱼保护区之一的渔鲨互动。73% 的受访者报告说，在实施保护区后，鲨鱼捕食行为有所增加。渔民报告的由于鲨鱼捕食造成的损失在不同渔业之间存在显着差异，并且对于珊瑚礁渔民而言高得不成比例（> 每日船只收入的 21%）。这归因于珊瑚礁捕鱼活动和经生态验证的鲨鱼热点之间广泛的空间重叠 (55%–78%)。我们展示了对掠夺的看法与对鲨鱼保护区法规的支持之间的显着相关性。