In materials science, much effort has been devoted to the reproduction of superconductivity in chemical compositions, analogous to cuprate superconductors since their discovery over 30 years ago. This approach was recently successful in realising superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates^1,2,3,4,5,6. Although differing from cuprates in electronic and magnetic properties, strong Coulomb interactions suggest that infinite-layer nickelates have a propensity towards various symmetry-breaking orders that populate cuprates^7,8,9,10. Here we report the observation of charge density waves (CDWs) in infinite-layer NdNiO₂ films using Ni L₃ resonant X-ray scattering. Remarkably, CDWs form in Nd 5d and Ni 3d orbitals at the same commensurate wavevector (0.333, 0) reciprocal lattice units, with non-negligible out-of-plane dependence and an in-plane correlation length of up to ~60 Å. Spectroscopic studies reveal a strong connection between CDWs and Nd 5d–Ni 3d orbital hybridization. Upon entering the superconducting state at 20% Sr doping, the CDWs disappear. Our work demonstrates the existence of CDWs in infinite-layer nickelates with a multiorbital character distinct from cuprates, which establishes their low-energy physics.

在材料科学中，自 30 多年前发现铜酸盐超导体以来，人们一直致力于在化学成分中重现超导性。这种方法最近成功地实现了无限层镍酸盐的超导性^1,2,3,4,5,6。^{尽管在电子和磁性方面与铜酸盐不同，但强库仑相互作用表明，无限层镍酸盐具有形成铜酸盐7,8,9,10}的各种对称破坏顺序的倾向。在这里，我们报告了使用 Ni  L ₃共振 X 射线散射对无限层 NdNiO _{2薄膜中的电荷密度波 (CDW) 的观察。}值得注意的是，CDWs 在 Nd 5 d形成和 Ni 3 d轨道在相同的相应波矢量 (0.333, 0) 倒易晶格单位，具有不可忽略的面外依赖性和高达 ~60 的面内相关长度。光谱研究揭示了 CDW 与 Nd 5 d -Ni 3 d轨道杂化之间的密切联系。在 20% Sr 掺杂下进入超导状态后，CDW 消失。我们的工作证明了 CDW 在无限层镍酸盐中的存在，其具有不同于铜酸盐的多轨道特性，这确立了它们的低能物理特性。