Extensive attention has been drawn to the development of carbon-matrix composites for application in the aerospace and military industry, where a combination of high mechanical strength and excellent frictional properties are required. Herein, carbon-matrix composites reinforced by Si₃N₄ nanowires@pyrolytic carbon nanolayers (Si₃N_4nws@PyC_nls) coupled with hydroxyapatite nanosheets is reported. The Si₃N_4nws@PyC_nls (SP) with coaxial structure could increase the surface roughness of Si₃N_4nws and promote the stress transfer to the carbon matrix, whereas the porous hydroxyapatite nanosheets favor the infiltration of the carbon matrix and promote the interfacial bonding between the SP and carbon matrix. The carbon matrix composites reinforced by SP coupled with hydroxyapatite nanosheets (Si₃N_4nws@PyC_nls-HA-C) exhibit excellent mechanical strength. Compare with the conventional Si₃N_4nws reinforced carbon composites, Si₃N_4nws@PyC_nls-HA-C (SPHC) have 162% and 249% improvement in flexural strength and elastic modulus, respectively. Moreover, the friction coefficient and wear rate decreased by 53% and 23%, respectively. This study provides a co-reinforcement strategy generated by SP coupled with hydroxyapatite nanosheets for effective improvement of mechanical and frictional properties of carbon matrix composites that are used for aerospace and military industry applications.

广泛关注用于航空航天和军事工业的碳基复合材料的开发，这些领域需要高机械强度和优异的摩擦性能。_{在此，报道了由 Si 3} N ₄纳米线@热解碳纳米层 (Si ₃ N _4nws @PyC _nls ) 与羟基磷灰石纳米片耦合增强的碳基复合材料。具有同轴结构的Si ₃ N _4nws @PyC _nls (SP)可以增加Si ₃ N _{4nws的表面粗糙度}并促进应力转移到碳基质，而多孔羟基磷灰石纳米片有利于碳基质的渗透并促进SP和碳基质之间的界面结合。由 SP 与羟基磷灰石纳米片 (Si ₃ N _4nws @PyC _nls -HA-C) 增强的碳基复合材料表现出优异的机械强度。与传统的 Si ₃ N _4nws增强碳复合材料相比，Si ₃ N _4nws @PyC _nls-HA-C (SPHC) 的弯曲强度和弹性模量分别提高了 162% 和 249%。此外，摩擦系数和磨损率分别下降了 53% 和 23%。本研究提供了一种由 SP 与羟基磷灰石纳米片结合产生的共增强策略，可有效改善用于航空航天和军事工业应用的碳基复合材料的机械和摩擦性能。