The combination of energy harvester and energy storage in a single unit without an external complex circuit has sparked significant interest, owing to the potential for converting and storing energy in a single integrated device. Herein, a self-charging supercapacitor power cell (SPC) is proposed in which the energy generated from the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is stored in a supercapacitor without power management or rectifier circuits via a ‘tribo-electrochemical mechanism.’ The SPC comprises poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) P(vdf-HFP) as a polymer separator, impregnated with ionic liquid electrolyte, and metal-organic framework derived cobalt nanoporous carbon/laser-induced graphene/copper (Co-NPC/LIG/Cu) electrode. Owing to the large surface area of SPC electrodes, an areal capacitance of 25.60 mF cm^-2, the energy density of 0.0278 mW.h cm^-2, and the power density of 0.089 mW/cm^-2 are achieved. Furthermore, the self-charging SPC combines TENG and SPC into a single integrated device, with TENG generating 2.5 mW power, which can successfully charge the SPC to a maximum voltage of 210 mV within 9 s. Finally, the dynamic and static signals from the SPC device are utilized to control the ‘jump’ and ‘duck’ actions of T-REX in the gaming interface, and different SPC charge levels are utilized as a smart switch for turning on the smart home appliances. Thus, this study reveals the potential for charging the supercapacitor via TENG without any external circuit and provides significant insights into understanding the energy conversion process in self-charging supercapacitors.

由于在单个集成设备中转换和存储能量的潜力，在没有外部复杂电路的情况下将能量收集器和能量存储组合在一个单元中引起了极大的兴趣。本文提出了一种自充电超级电容器电池 (SPC)，其中摩擦纳米发电机 (TENG) 产生的能量通过“摩擦电化学机制”存储在没有电源管理或整流电路的超级电容器中。SPC 包含作为聚合物隔膜的聚（偏二氟乙烯-co-六氟丙烯）P(vdf-HFP)，浸渍有离子液体电解质，以及金属有机框架衍生的钴纳米多孔碳/激光诱导石墨烯/铜（Co-NPC/ LIG/Cu) 电极。由于 SPC 电极的大表面积，面积电容为 25.60 mF cm^-2，实现了0.0278 mW.h cm ^-2的能量密度和0.089 mW/cm ^-2的功率密度。此外，自充电 SPC 将 TENG 和 SPC 组合成一个集成器件，TENG 产生 2.5 mW 的功率，可在 9 秒内成功地将 SPC 充电至最大电压 210 mV。最后，利用来自SPC设备的动静态信号来控制T-REX在游戏界面中的“跳跃”和“躲避”动作，并利用不同的SPC充电水平作为智能开关来开启智能家居电器。因此，这项研究揭示了通过 TENG 在没有任何外部电路的情况下为超级电容器充电的潜力，并为理解自充电超级电容器的能量转换过程提供了重要的见解。