Preoperative anemia is common in patients presenting for cardiac surgery, with a prevalence of approximately 1 in 4, and has been associated with worse outcomes including increased risk of blood transfusion, kidney injury, stroke, infection, and death. Iron deficiency, a major cause of anemia, has also been shown to have an association with worse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, even in the absence of anemia. Although recent guidelines have supported diagnosing and treating anemia and iron deficiency before elective surgery, details on when and how to screen and treat remain unclear. The Eighth Perioperative Quality Initiative (POQI 8) consensus conference, in conjunction with the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery-Cardiac Surgery Society, brought together an international, multidisciplinary team of experts to review and evaluate the literature on screening, diagnosing, and managing preoperative anemia and iron deficiency in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and to provide evidence-based recommendations in accordance with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria for evaluating biomedical literature.

术前贫血在接受心脏手术的患者中很常见，患病率约为四分之一，并且与更糟糕的结局相关，包括输血、肾损伤、中风、感染和死亡的风险增加。缺铁是贫血的主要原因，也已被证明与接受心脏手术的患者的预后较差有关，即使在没有贫血的情况下也是如此。尽管最近的指南支持在择期手术前诊断和治疗贫血和缺铁，但关于何时以及如何筛查和治疗的细节仍不清楚。第八届围手术期质量倡议 (POQI 8) 共识会议与加速康复外科-心脏外科学会联合召开了国际、