Despite the widespread popularity of DC microgrid (DCMG), one of the key issues faced by it is the instability arising from supply-demand imbalance, which is conventionally tackled via energy storage units such as batteries. But the life cycle of the battery, which may reduce when subjected to transients, can be prolonged by integrating fast acting supercapacitor (SC) with higher power density. Such a combination of energy storage units enables the DCMG to handle steady state and transient conditions effectively. However, the reduction in the operating voltage of SC may bring in ringing in the DC bus voltage, which will affect DCMG stability. Hence, this paper focuses on analysing the impact of SC voltage deviation on DCMG stability and to propose a controller design procedure with conventional PI controller and power management strategy to mitigate the aforementioned consequences. The simulation in MATLAB and real-time validation in OP4510 real-time simulator has been conducted. The results of both revealed that the proposed scheme has succeeded in eliminating ringing of DC bus voltage, irrespective of the SC operating voltage variations, thereby maintaining DCMG stability.

中文翻译：

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用于直流微电网稳定性增强的电池和超级电容器辅助控制器

尽管直流微电网（DCMG）得到广泛普及，但其面临的关键问题之一是供需失衡引起的不稳定，传统上通过电池等储能单元来解决这一问题。但是，通过集成具有更高功率密度的快速反应超级电容器 (SC)，可以延长电池的寿命周期，当遇到瞬变时可能会缩短。这种能量存储单元的组合使 DCMG 能够有效地处理稳态和瞬态条件。但是，降低SC的工作电压可能会带来直流母线电压的振铃，影响DCMG的稳定性。因此，本文重点分析了 SC 电压偏差对 DCMG 稳定性的影响，并提出了一种采用传统 PI 控制器和电源管理策略的控制器设计程序，以减轻上述后果。在MATLAB中进行了仿真，在OP4510实时模拟器中进行了实时验证。两者的结果表明，无论 SC 工作电压如何变化，所提出的方案都成功地消除了直流母线电压的振铃，从而保持了 DCMG 的稳定性。