Over the past decade, a new set of methods for estimating dated trees has emerged. Originally referred to as the fossilized birth–death (FBD) process, this single model has expanded to a family of models that allows researchers to coestimate evolutionary parameters (e.g., diversification, sampling) and patterns alongside divergence times for a variety of applications from paleobiology to real-time epidemiology. We provide an overview of this family of models. We explore the ways in which these models correspond to methods in quantitative paleobiology, as the FBD process provides a framework through which neontological and paleontological approaches to phylogenetics and macroevolution can be unified. We also provide an overview of challenges associated with applying FBD models, particularly with an eye toward the fossil record. We conclude this review by discussing several exciting avenues for the inclusion of fossil data in phylogenetic analyses.

中文翻译：

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使用化石生死模型将化石观察整合到系统发育学中


在过去的十年中，出现了一套估算树木年代的新方法。这个单一模型最初被称为化石出生-死亡（FBD）过程，现已扩展到一系列模型，使研究人员能够共同估计进化参数（例如，多样化、采样）和模式以及分歧时间，以用于古生物学的各种应用实时流行病学。我们提供了该系列模型的概述。我们探索这些模型与定量古生物学方法的对应方式，因为 FBD 过程提供了一个框架，通过该框架可以统一系统发育学和宏观进化的新生物学和古生物学方法。我们还概述了与应用 FBD 模型相关的挑战，特别是着眼于化石记录。我们通过讨论将化石数据纳入系统发育分析的几种令人兴奋的途径来结束这篇综述。