Invasive Haemophilus influenzae infection during pregnancy can cause preterm birth and fetal loss, but the mechanism is unclear. We investigated 54 cases of pregnancy-associated invasive H. influenzae disease in 52 unique pregnancies in the Auckland region of New Zealand during October 1, 2008‒September 30, 2018. Intraamniotic infection was identified in 36 (66.7%) of 54 cases. Outcome data were available for 48 pregnancies. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, defined as fetal loss, preterm birth, or the birth of an infant requiring intensive/special care unit admission, occurred in 45 (93.8%) of 48 (pregnancies. Fetal loss occurred in 17 (35.4%) of 48 pregnancies, before 24 weeks’ gestation in 13 cases, and at >24 weeks’ gestation in 4 cases. The overall incidence of pregnancy-associated invasive H. influenzae disease was 19.9 cases/100,000 births, which exceeded the reported incidence of pregnancy-associated listeriosis in New Zealand. We also observed higher rates in younger women and women of Māori ethnicity.

妊娠期侵袭性流感嗜血杆菌感染可导致早产和流产，但机制尚不清楚。我们在 2008 年 10 月 1 日至 2018 年 9 月 30 日期间调查了新西兰奥克兰地区 52 例独特妊娠中54 例与妊娠相关的侵袭性流感嗜血杆菌病病例。在 54 例病例中，有 36 例（66.7%）发现了羊膜内感染。结果数据可用于 48 次妊娠。48 例妊娠中有 45 例 (93.8%) 发生不良妊娠结局，定义为胎儿丢失、早产或出生需要重症监护/特殊护理病房的婴儿。48 例妊娠中有 17 例 (35.4%) 发生胎儿丢失, 13 例在妊娠 24 周之前, 并且在>孕24周4例。妊娠相关侵袭性流感嗜血杆菌病的总发病率为 19.9 例/100,000 名新生儿，超过了新西兰报告的妊娠相关李斯特菌病发病率。我们还观察到年轻女性和毛利族女性的发病率更高。