The article proposes a microstrip patch antenna for vehicular communication applications under 5G communication frequency band. The dimensions of the antenna play an important role in the field of vehicular communication applications. The antenna dimensions are optimized by introducing back propagation algorithm. Overall dimension of the antenna is reduced by 16% as compare to the traditional formulations. Further fractal geometry is implemented on the patch and recessed ground as defected ground structure. FR4 epoxy is used to construct the substrate of the proposed antenna with the dimensions of 50 mm × 60 mm × 1.6 mm and the patch is designed as rectangular patch with H-cut and I-cut. The proposed antenna is simulated using Ansys high frequency structure simulator v15 and the frequency of operation is 27 to 33 GHz. The antenna parameters such as reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio, gain, radiation, and current distribution are investigated. The antenna is designed in compact in shape such that it is suitable for vehicular communication applications.

中文翻译：

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用于车辆通信应用的人工神经网络优化的超宽带分形天线

文章提出了一种用于5G通信频段下车载通信应用的微带贴片天线。天线的尺寸在车载通信应用领域中起着重要作用。通过引入反向传播算法优化天线尺寸。与传统配方相比，天线的整体尺寸减小了 16%。进一步的分形几何在作为缺陷地面结构的补丁和凹陷地面上实施。FR4 环氧树脂用于构建尺寸为 50 mm × 60 mm × 1.6 mm 的天线基板，贴片设计为具有 H 切和 I 切的矩形贴片。建议的天线使用 Ansys 高频结构模拟器 v15 进行模拟，工作频率为 27 至 33 GHz。研究了反射系数、电压驻波比、增益、辐射和电流分布等天线参数。该天线设计紧凑，适合车载通信应用。