Non-exudative macular and choroidal neovascularization (MNV and CNV) usually refers to the entity of treatment-naïve type 1 neovascularization in the absence of associated signs of exudation. Histopathological studies, dating back in the early 70s, identified the presence of non-exudative MNV, but the first clinical report of this finding was in the late 90s using indocyanine green angiography in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). With more advanced retinal imaging, there has been an ever increasing appreciation of non-exudative MNV associated with AMD and CNV with other macular disorders. However, consensus regarding the exact definition and the clinical management of this entity is lacking. Furthermore, there may be variation in the imaging features and clinical course suggesting that a spectrum of disease may exist. Herein, we review the large body of published work that has provided a better understanding of non-exudative MNV and CNV in the last decade. The prevalence, multimodal imaging features, clinical course, and response to treatment are discussed to elucidate further key insights about this entity. Based on these observations, this review also proposes a new theory about the origin and course of different sub-types of non-exudative MNV/CNV which can have different etiologies and pathways according to the clinical context of disease.

非渗出性黄斑和脉络膜新生血管（MNV 和 CNV）通常是指在没有相关渗出迹象的情况下未接受过治疗的 1 型新生血管。可追溯到 70 年代初的组织病理学研究确定了非渗出性 MNV 的存在，但这一发现的第一份临床报告是在 90 年代后期使用吲哚菁绿血管造影术对年龄相关性黄斑变性 (AMD) 患者进行的。随着更先进的视网膜成像，与 AMD 相关的非渗出性 MNV 和与其他黄斑疾病的 CNV 相关的认识不断增加。然而，关于该实体的确切定义和临床管理缺乏共识。此外，影像学特征和临床病程可能存在差异，表明可能存在一系列疾病。在此处，我们回顾了大量已发表的工作，这些工作在过去十年中提供了对非渗出性 MNV 和 CNV 的更好理解。讨论了患病率、多模态成像特征、临床过程和对治疗的反应，以阐明关于该实体的进一步关键见解。基于这些观察，本综述还提出了一种关于非渗出性 MNV/CNV 的不同亚型的起源和过程的新理论，根据疾病的临床背景，这些亚型可能具有不同的病因和途径。