The dependence of the electrical resistance on materials’ geometry determines the performance of conductive nanocomposites. Here, we report the invariable resistance of a conductive nanocomposite over 30% strain. This is enabled by the in situ–generated hierarchically structured silver nanosatellite particles, realizing a short interparticle distance (4.37 nm) in a stretchable silicone rubber matrix. Furthermore, the barrier height is tuned to be negligible by matching the electron affinity of silicone rubber to the work function of silver. The stretching results in the electron flow without additional scattering in the silicone rubber matrix. The transport is changed to quantum tunneling if the barrier height is gradually increased by using different matrix polymers with smaller electron affinities, such as ethyl vinyl acetates and thermoplastic polyurethane. The tunneling current decreases with increasing strain, which is accurately described by the Simmons approximation theory. The tunable transport in nanocomposites provides an advancement in the design of stretchable conductors.

中文翻译：

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超过 30% 应变的导电纳米复合材料的不变电阻

电阻对材料几何形状的依赖性决定了导电纳米复合材料的性能。在这里，我们报告了超过 30% 应变的导电纳米复合材料的不变电阻。这是通过原位生成的分层结构的银纳米卫星颗粒实现的，在可拉伸的硅橡胶基质中实现了较短的颗粒间距离（4.37 nm）。此外，通过将硅橡胶的电子亲和力与银的功函数相匹配，将势垒高度调整为可以忽略不计。拉伸导致电子流动，而硅橡胶基质中没有额外的散射。如果通过使用具有较小电子亲和力的不同基质聚合物逐渐增加势垒高度，则传输变为量子隧穿，如乙基醋酸乙烯酯和热塑性聚氨酯。隧穿电流随着应变的增加而减小，这可以通过 Simmons 近似理论准确地描述。纳米复合材料中的可调谐传输为可拉伸导体的设计提供了进步。