Metamaterials and devices that provide cloaking functionalities have strong potential to bring fundamental scientific and engineering developments including invisibility, sound and vibration mitigation, seismic protection, thermal and mass shielding, electrical and magnetic field isolation, and fluid flow concealing. In recent years, rational material design has allowed a wide range of new cloaking devices through the design and fabrication of metamaterials and metasurfaces that control electromagnetic and mechanical waves as well as heat, mass, and fluid flow. Here we review classical and recent advances and the evolution of new concepts and strategies to design and fabricate metamaterials that provide cloaking in multiple physical fields. We analyze the discovery of new ways to cloak light and sound, heat and mass flow, electrical and magnetic fields, and fluid flow via metamaterials and metasurfaces, and discuss their emergent functional responses and applications in a broad range of physical fields.

提供隐形功能的超材料和设备具有巨大的潜力，可以带来基础科学和工程发展，包括隐形、声音和振动缓解、地震保护、热和质量屏蔽、电场和磁场隔离以及流体流动隐藏。近年来，合理的材料设计允许通过设计和制造控制电磁波和机械波以及热、质量和流体流动的超材料和超表面来制造各种新型隐形装置。在这里，我们回顾了经典和最近的进展，以及设计和制造在多个物理领域提供隐形的超材料的新概念和策略的演变。我们分析发现了隐藏光和声、热和质量流的新方法，