Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural zero calorie sweetener with significant economic and medicinal values due to its high contents of steviosides (SVGs) in the leaves. The aqueous extract of Stevia leaves (TAqE) was standardized to contain 8.5% w/w of SVGs (HPLC), total phenolics (164.63 ± 1.39 µg Gallic acid/mg extract) and total flavonoids of 100.5 ± 0.79 µg QE/mg extract. Twenty-one compounds were tentatively identified in the leaves via UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS and stevioside, rebaudioside A, and quercetrin were isolated from TAqE by repeated column chromatography. Stevioside showed significant inhibition of pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase enzymes. The effect of a standardized TAqE on high fat diet (HFD)-streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Thirty-six animals were divided into 6 groups (each of 6). Rats in group I (control) and group II (control/HFD-STZ) received distilled water, and rats in groups III and IV received TAqE for 4 weeks in two doses; 300 mg/kg b.wt., and 500 mg/kg b.wt., respectively. Rats in group V received metformin (200 mg/kg), while those in group VI received statin (1 mg/kg). Body weight, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile (total cholesterol and triglycerides), liver enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartic transaminase), and serum kidney parameters (urea and creatinine) were decreased in rats treated with TAqE (300 mg/kg b.wt.), while insulin sensitivity was enhanced, when compared to that in group II. These findings could justify the use of Stevia as a complementary medicine for the prevention and treatment of metabolic changes associated with diabetes mellitus type 2.

中文翻译：

---

甜叶菊叶标准化提取物对高脂饮食链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠代谢综合征的化学特征和有益作用

甜叶菊 (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) 是一种天然的零热量甜味剂，由于其叶子中的甜菊苷 (SVG) 含量高，因此具有显着的经济和药用价值。甜菊叶的水提取物 (TAqE) 标准化为含有 8.5% w/w 的 SVG (HPLC)、总酚类物质（164.63 ± 1.39 µg 没食子酸/mg 提取物）和 100.5 ± 0.79 µg QE/mg 提取物的总黄酮。通过 UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS 在叶片中初步鉴定出 21 种化合物，并通过重复柱色谱从 TAqE 中分离出甜菊苷、莱鲍迪苷 A 和槲皮苷。甜菊苷对胰脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶有显着抑制作用。研究了标准化 TAqE 对高脂饮食 (HFD)-链脲佐菌素 (STZ) 诱导的糖尿病大鼠的影响。将 36 只动物分成 6 组（每组 6 只）。I组（对照）和II组（对照/HFD-STZ）大鼠接受蒸馏水，III组和IV组大鼠接受TAqE，分两次给药，持续4周；分别为 300 mg/kg b.wt.和 500 mg/kg b.wt.。V组大鼠接受二甲双胍（200 mg/kg），而VI组大鼠接受他汀类药物（1 mg/kg）。用 TAqE (300 mg/kg b.wt) 治疗的大鼠体重、空腹血糖、血脂（总胆固醇和甘油三酯）、肝酶（丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶）和血清肾脏参数（尿素和肌酐）均降低.)，而与第二组相比，胰岛素敏感性增强。这些发现可以证明使用甜叶菊作为预防和治疗与 2 型糖尿病相关的代谢变化的补充药物是合理的。