Objectives To investigate the dose–response association of aerobic physical activity (PA) and muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) with all-cause mortality. Methods National Health Interview Survey data (1997–2014) were linked to the National Death Index through 2015, which produced a cohort of 416 420 US adults. Cox proportional-hazard models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for the associations of moderate aerobic PA (MPA), vigorous aerobic PA (VPA) and MSE with mortality risk. Models controlled for age, sex, race-ethnicity, income, education, marital status, survey year, smoking status, body mass index and chronic conditions. Results Relative to those who engaged in no aerobic PA, substantial mortality risk reduction was associated with 1 hour/week of aerobic PA (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.86) and levelled off at 3 hours/week of aerobic PA (0.73, 0.71 to 0.75). Similar results were observed for men and women and for individuals younger and older than 60 years. MSE conferred additional mortality risk reduction at 1 time/week (0.89, 0.81 to 0.97) and appeared no longer beneficial at 7 times/week (0.99, 0.94 to 1.04). Conclusion The minimum effective dose of aerobic PA for significant mortality risk reduction was 1 hour/week of MPA or VPA, with additional mortality risk reduction observed up to 3 hours/week. For older adults, only small decreases in mortality risk were observed beyond this duration. Completing MSE in combination with aerobic PA conferred additional mortality risk reduction, with a minimum effective dose of 1–2 times/week. Data are available in a public, open access repository. De-identified National Health Interview Survey data are publicly available on the NCHS website (For example, data for 2014 is found at the following URL: [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/nhis\_2014\_data_release.htm][1]). [1]: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/nhis_2014_data_release.htm

中文翻译：

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有氧和肌肉强化身体活动与死亡率的剂量反应关系：一项针对 416 420 名美国成年人的全国队列研究

目的 调查有氧运动 (PA) 和肌肉强化运动 (MSE) 与全因死亡率之间的剂量反应关系。方法 全国健康访谈调查数据（1997-2014 年）与截至 2015 年的全国死亡指数相关联，该指数产生了 416 420 名美国成年人。Cox 比例风险模型用于估计中度有氧运动 (MPA)、剧烈有氧运动 (VPA) 和 MSE 与死亡风险之间关联的 HR 和 95% CI。模型控制了年龄、性别、种族、收入、教育、婚姻状况、调查年份、吸烟状况、体重指数和慢性病。结果 相对于那些不参加有氧运动的人，死亡风险的显着降低与每周 1 小时的有氧运动有关（HR：0.85，95% CI：0.83 至 0. 86) 并稳定在每周 3 小时的有氧 PA（0.73、0.71 至 0.75）。对于男性和女性以及 60 岁以下和 60 岁以上的人也观察到了类似的结果。MSE 在每周 1 次（0.89，0.81 至 0.97）时赋予额外的死亡风险降低，并且在每周 7 次（0.99，0.94 至 1.04）时似乎不再有益。结论 显着降低死亡风险的有氧 PA 最低有效剂量为 1 小时/周 MPA 或 VPA，观察到额外死亡风险降低达 3 小时/周。对于老年人，超过此持续时间仅观察到死亡风险的小幅下降。完成 MSE 结合有氧 PA 可进一步降低死亡风险，最低有效剂量为每周 1-2 次。数据可在公共、开放访问的存储库中获得。去标识化的全国健康访谈调查数据可在 NCHS 网站上公开获取（例如，2014 年的数据可在以下 URL 中找到：[https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/nhis\_2014\_data_release. htm][1]). [1]: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/nhis_2014_data_release.htm