Indian energy sector has undergone a tremendous transformation with consistent government policy interventions since 2000. Against this backdrop, we examine the extent to which energy poverty has decreased due to the expansion of energy services and the significant determinants of energy poverty in select six states in India. Overall, results reveal that absolute multidimensional energy poverty has substantially decreased across all states examined in the study as well as across all income and social groups between 2015 and 2018. Specifically, acute multidimensional energy poverty has reduced by an average of 30% between 2015 and 2018 in six states. At the same time, dependency on biomass remains more or less the same between 2015 and 2018. Results also show that inequality in the access to energy across income and social groups exists, and education is negatively related to energy poverty. Energy poverty has declined by a similar percentage among most employment groups, except for people practicing cattle rearing. Finally, culture is a significant determinant of energy poverty as households with the elderly and more land owned have higher energy poverty, probably due to the easy access to biomass and preference of such households to use it.

中文翻译：

---

能源扶贫政策的成就与挑战：来自印度部分邦的证据

自 2000 年以来，在政府持续的政策干预下，印度能源部门经历了巨大的变革。在此背景下，我们研究了能源服务的扩展导致能源贫困减少的程度，以及印度选定六个邦能源贫困的重要决定因素. 总体而言，结果显示，2015 年至 2018 年期间，研究中检查的所有州以及所有收入和社会群体的绝对多维能源贫困均大幅下降。具体而言，严重的多维能源贫困在 2015 年至 2015 年期间平均减少了 30% 2018 年在六个州。与此同时，2015 年至 2018 年对生物质的依赖程度基本保持不变。结果还表明，收入和社会群体之间在获取能源方面存在不平等，教育与能源贫困负相关。大多数就业群体的能源贫困率下降了类似的百分比，但从事养牛的人除外。最后，文化是能源贫困的一个重要决定因素，因为老年人和拥有更多土地的家庭能源贫困程度更高，这可能是因为这些家庭更容易获得生物质，并且更喜欢使用它。