The present study used an online behavioral instruction program to teach accurate American Psychological Association (APA) citation formatting to nine graduate students. The participants completed two self-paced, online training modules targeting the correct formation of full reference and in-text citations, which consisted of the three elements of behavioral instruction: multiple practice opportunities, mastery criteria, and automatic feedback provided contingent on response. Training occurred using a concurrent multiple baseline design across skills (for seven participants) or nonconcurrently across participants (for two participants). Most participants did not correctly use APA citation formatting when probed in the baseline condition. Following training, participants increased their accuracy in APA citations across trained and novel exemplars. Two participants’ data showed limited functional control due to increases in baseline. One participant required an additional visual checklist to reach the mastery criterion for one skill. Social validity was also assessed with overall confidence in using APA citation formatting increasing following completion of the modules. Participants reported overall satisfaction with the online modules stating that they were helpful in teaching correct citation implementation and were easy to use. Limitations to the current study and future uses of behavioral instruction as a technology are discussed.

中文翻译：

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使用行为指导教授美国心理学会引文格式

本研究使用在线行为指导程序向九名研究生教授准确的美国心理学会 (APA) 引文格式。参与者完成了两个自定进度的在线培训模块，目标是正确形成完整的参考和文本引用，其中包括行为指导的三个要素：多次练习机会、掌握标准和根据反应提供的自动反馈。培训使用跨技能（七名参与者）或非同时跨参与者（两名参与者）的并发多基线设计进行。大多数参与者在基线条件下没有正确使用 APA 引文格式。培训后，参与者提高了他们在受过训练的和新颖的范例中引用 APA 的准确性。两名参与者的数据显示，由于基线增加，功能控制有限。一位参与者需要额外的视觉检查表才能达到一项技能的掌握标准。社会效度也得到了评估，对使用 APA 引文格式的总体信心在完成模块后增加。参与者报告了对在线模块的总体满意度，称它们有助于教授正确的引文实施并且易于使用。讨论了行为指导作为一种技术的当前研究和未来使用的局限性。社会效度也得到了评估，对使用 APA 引文格式的总体信心在完成模块后增加。参与者报告了对在线模块的总体满意度，称它们有助于教授正确的引文实施并且易于使用。讨论了行为指导作为一种技术的当前研究和未来使用的局限性。社会效度也得到了评估，对使用 APA 引文格式的总体信心在完成模块后增加。参与者报告了对在线模块的总体满意度，称它们有助于教授正确的引文实施并且易于使用。讨论了行为指导作为一种技术的当前研究和未来使用的局限性。