Strain engineering is a promising way to tune the electrical, electrochemical, magnetic, and optical properties of 2D materials, with the potential to achieve high-performance 2D-material-based devices ultimately. This review discusses the experimental and theoretical results from recent advances in the strain engineering of 2D materials. Some novel methods to induce strain are summarized and then the tunable electrical and optical/optoelectronic properties of 2D materials via strain engineering are highlighted, including particularly the previously less-discussed strain tuning of superconducting, magnetic, and electrochemical properties. Also, future perspectives of strain engineering are given for its potential applications in functional devices. The state of the survey presents the ever-increasing advantages and popularity of strain engineering for tuning properties of 2D materials. Suggestions and insights for further research and applications in optical, electronic, and spintronic devices are provided.

中文翻译：

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范德华二维材料应变工程的最新进展：可调谐的电学、电化学、磁学和光学性质

应变工程是调整二维材料的电学、电化学、磁学和光学特性的一种很有前途的方法，有可能最终实现基于二维材料的高性能设备。本综述讨论了二维材料应变工程最新进展的实验和理论结果。总结了一些诱导应变的新方法，然后强调了通过应变工程实现的二维材料的可调电学和光学/光电特性，特别包括之前讨论较少的超导、磁学和电化学特性的应变调谐。此外，还给出了应变工程在功能设备中的潜在应用的未来前景。调查的状态显示了应变工程在调整二维材料特性方面的优势和普及程度不断提高。为光学、电子和自旋电子器件的进一步研究和应用提供了建议和见解。