Malaria remains a major vector borne disease claiming millions of lives worldwide due to infections caused by Plasmodium sp. Discovery and development of antimalarial drugs have previously been dominated majorly by single drug therapy. The malaria parasite has developed resistance against first line and second line antimalarial drugs used in the single drug therapy. This has drawn attention to find ways to alleviate the disease burden supplanted by combination therapy with multiple drugs to overcome drug resistance. Emergence of resistant strains even against the combination therapy has now mandated the revision of the current antimalarial pharmacotherapy. Research efforts of the past decade led to the discovery and identification of several new structural classes of antimalarial agents with improved biological attributes over the older ones. The following is a comprehensive review, addressed to the new structural classes of heterocyclic and natural compounds that have been identified during the last decade as antimalarial agents. Some of the classes included herein contain one or more pharmacophores amalgamated into a single bioactive scaffold as antimalarial agents, which act upon the conventional and novel targets.

由于疟原虫引起的感染，疟疾仍然是一种主要的媒介传播疾病，在全世界夺去了数百万人的生命sp。抗疟药物的发现和开发以前主要由单一药物疗法主导。疟原虫已对单药治疗中使用的一线和二线抗疟药产生耐药性。这引起了人们的注意，寻找减轻由多种药物联合治疗所取代的疾病负担的方法，以克服耐药性。甚至针对联合疗法的耐药菌株的出现现在已经要求对当前的抗疟药物疗法进行修订。过去十年的研究工作导致发现和鉴定了几种新结构类别的抗疟药，它们的生物学特性比旧药有所改善。以下是综合评测，针对在过去十年中被确定为抗疟剂的杂环和天然化合物的新结构类别。本文中包括的一些类别包含一种或多种药效团，这些药效团结合成单一的生物活性支架作为抗疟剂，作用于常规和新型靶标。