Ocean warming and acidification will be most pronounced in the Arctic. Both phenomena severely threaten thecosome pteropods (holoplanktonic marine gastropods) by reducing their survival (warming) and causing the dissolution of their aragonitic shell (acidification). Lipids, particularly phospholipids, play a major role in veligers and juveniles of the polar thecosome pteropod Limacina helicina comprising more than two-thirds of their total lipids. Membrane lipids (phospholipids) are important for the temperature acclimation of ectotherms. Hence, we experimentally investigated ocean warming and acidification effects on total lipids, lipid classes, and fatty acids of Arctic early-stage L. helicina. The temperature and pCO₂ treatments chosen resembled Representative Concentration Pathway model scenarios for this century. We found a massive decrease in total lipids at elevated temperatures and at the highest CO₂ concentration (1,100 μatm) of the in situ temperature. Clearly, temperature was the overriding factor. Total lipids were reduced by 47%–70%, mainly caused by a reduction of phospholipids by up to 60%. Further, based on pH_T development in the incubation water of pteropods during the experiment, some evidence exists for metabolic downregulation in pteropods at high factor levels of temperature and pCO₂. Consequently, the cell differentiation and energy balance of early-stage larvae were probably severely compromised. Comparison of our experimental with ‘wild’ organisms suggests phospholipid reduction to values clearly outside natural variability. Based on the well-known significance of phospholipids for membranogenesis, early development, and reproduction, negative warming effects on such a basal metabolic function may be a much more immediate threat for pteropods than so far anticipated shell dissolution effects due to acidification.

海洋变暖和酸化将在北极最为明显。这两种现象通过减少它们的存活（变暖）并导致它们的文石壳溶解（酸化），严重威胁到了翼足类动物（全浮游海洋腹足动物）。脂质，特别是磷脂，在极地翼足动物的幼体和幼体中起主要作用螺旋藻占其总脂质的三分之二以上。膜脂（磷脂）对于等温动物的温度适应很重要。因此，我们通过实验研究了海洋变暖和酸化对北极早期总脂质、脂质类别和脂肪酸的影响。L. helicina. 选择的温度和 pCO ₂处理类似于本世纪的代表性浓度途径模型情景。我们发现在高温和最高 CO ₂浓度（1,100μ自动取款机）的原位温度。显然，温度是最重要的因素。总脂质减少了 47%–70%，主要是由于磷脂减少了 60%。此外，根据实验期间翼足动物孵化水中的 pH _T变化，存在一些证据表明在高温度和 pCO _{2因素水平下翼足动物的代谢下调}. 因此，早期幼虫的细胞分化和能量平衡可能受到严重损害。我们的实验与“野生”生物的比较表明，磷脂减少到明显超出自然变异性的值。基于众所周知的磷脂对膜发生、早期发育和繁殖的重要性，对这种基础代谢功能的负变暖效应可能比迄今为止预期的酸化导致的壳溶解效应对翼足类动物的威胁更为直接。