OBJECTIVE Muslims living in the United States (MLUS) report high mental health stigma. They also underutilize professional psychological help, despite experiencing rising Islamophobia and comparatively poorer mental health. In line with double stigma, we examined whether MLUS who perceived greater Islamophobia also experienced greater self-stigma of seeking help, and whether this was related to negative help-seeking attitudes. We also assessed therapist demographic and treatment modality preferences and explored how they related to risk factors for low help-seeking. METHOD Utilizing a representative sample of 350 MLUS (50% women, 33% immigrants) acquired via a Qualtrics panel aggregate, we assessed a path model of help-seeking attitudes to determine the direct and indirect effects of perceived Islamophobia via self-stigma and psychological distress. Therapist and treatment preferences were examined via multiple regression models and analysis of variance (ANOVAs). Open-ended responses were coded through content analysis. RESULTS Perceived Islamophobia was associated with greater psychological distress and also indirectly related to negative help-seeking attitudes via greater self-stigma. Therapists of a similar background, therapy in a mosque-setting, group therapy, and imam collaboration were more appealing to MLUS who were at risk for low help-seeking. CONCLUSIONS Among MLUS, perceived Islamophobia may present a dual risk-simultaneously increasing psychological distress and indirectly leading to negative attitudes toward help-seeking via higher self-stigma. Conversely, for MLUS at risk for low help-seeking, accessible community-based treatments and treatment with a Muslim or race/ethnicity-matched therapist may facilitate help-seeking behaviors. Future work may determine whether addressing double stigma within Muslim communities (e.g., Islamophobia and self-stigma) may improve psychological help-seeking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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穆斯林寻求心理帮助的混合方法：伊斯兰恐惧症、自我污名和治疗偏好。

目标 生活在美国的穆斯林 (MLUS) 报告了高度的心理健康污名。他们也没有充分利用专业的心理帮助，尽管他们的伊斯兰恐惧症越来越高，心理健康状况相对较差。与双重污名一致，我们检查了认为更大的伊斯兰恐惧症的 MLUS 是否也经历了更大的寻求帮助的自我污名，以及这是否与消极的寻求帮助态度有关。我们还评估了治疗师的人口统计和治疗方式偏好，并探讨了它们与低寻求帮助的风险因素之间的关系。方法 利用通过 Qualtrics 面板聚合获得的 350 MLUS（50% 女性，33% 移民）的代表性样本，我们评估了寻求帮助态度的路径模型，以确定通过自我污名和心理困扰感知的伊斯兰恐惧症的直接和间接影响。通过多元回归模型和方差分析 (ANOVA) 检查治疗师和治疗偏好。开放式响应是通过内容分析编码的。结果 感知到的伊斯兰恐惧症与更大的心理困扰有关，并且通过更大的自我污名与消极的寻求帮助态度间接相关。具有相似背景的治疗师、清真寺环境中的治疗、团体治疗和伊玛目合作对寻求帮助的风险较低的 MLUS 更具吸引力。结论 感知到的伊斯兰恐惧症可能会带来双重风险——同时增加心理压力，并通过更高的自我污名间接导致对寻求帮助的消极态度。相反，对于寻求帮助的风险较低的 MLUS，可获得的基于社区的治疗以及与穆斯林或种族/民族匹配的治疗师的治疗可能会促进寻求帮助的行为。未来的工作可能会确定解决穆斯林社区内的双重污名（例如，伊斯兰恐惧症和自我污名）是否可以改善心理寻求帮助。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。未来的工作可能会确定解决穆斯林社区内的双重污名（例如，伊斯兰恐惧症和自我污名）是否可以改善心理寻求帮助。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。未来的工作可能会确定解决穆斯林社区内的双重污名（例如，伊斯兰恐惧症和自我污名）是否可以改善心理寻求帮助。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。