Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a progressive pulmonary vascular disease that results from the association of occlusion of large pulmonary arteries by persistent thrombi and of distal small vessel vasculopathy, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) [1]. Heightened PVR contributes to limit cardiac output during exercise, resulting in a decreased capacity for aerobic exercise [2]. In selected CTEPH patients, balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) has recently become a recognised therapeutic option that aims at decreasing PVR, allowing improvements of symptoms, exercise tolerance, exercise capacity and survival [3, 4].

慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压（CTEPH）是一种进行性肺血管疾病，由持续性血栓引起的大肺动脉闭塞和远端小血管血管病变相关，导致肺血管阻力（PVR）增加[1]。提高的 PVR 有助于限制运动期间的心输出量，从而导致有氧运动能力下降 [2]。在选定的 CTEPH 患者中，球囊肺血管成形术 (BPA) 最近已成为公认的治疗选择，旨在降低 PVR，从而改善症状、运动耐量、运动能力和生存率 [3, 4]。