This study examined differences in resting concentrations of markers of bone formation and resorption, and osteokines between female adolescent (12–16 y) swimmers, soccer players, and nonathletic controls. Resting, morning blood samples were obtained after an overnight fast from 20 swimmers, 20 soccer players, and 20 nonathletic controls, matched for age. carboxyl-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), amino-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), total osteocalcin (OC), sclerostin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) were analyzed in serum. After controlling for percent body fat, there were no significant differences between swimmers and nonathletic controls in any of the measured markers. In contrast, soccer players had significantly higher P1NP (89.5 [25.6] ng·mL⁻¹), OC (57.6 [22.9] ng·mL⁻¹), and OPG (1052.5 [612.6] pg·mL⁻¹) compared with both swimmers (P1NP: 66.5 [20.9] ng·mL⁻¹; OC: 24.9 [12.5] ng·mL⁻¹; OPG: 275.2 [83.8] pg·mL⁻¹) and controls (P1NP: 58.5 [16.2] ng·mL⁻¹; OC: 23.2 [11.9] ng·mL⁻¹; OPG: 265.4 [97.6] pg·mL⁻¹), with no differences in CTX, sclerostin, and RANKL. These results suggest that bone formation is higher in adolescent females engaged in high-impact sports like soccer compared with swimmers and controls.

本研究检查了女性青少年（12-16 岁）游泳运动员、足球运动员和非运动控制者之间骨形成和吸收标志物以及骨因子的静息浓度差异。从 20 名游泳运动员、20 名足球运动员和 20 名非运动员对照者（年龄相匹配）禁食过夜后，获取了静息的早晨血样。I 型胶原羧基端交联端肽 (CTX)、I 型胶原氨基端前肽 (P1NP)、总骨钙素 (OC)、硬化素、骨保护素 (OPG) 和核因子 kappa B 配体受体激活剂 ( RANKL) 在血清中进行了分析。在控制身体脂肪百分比后，游泳者和非运动控制者之间的任何测量标记都没有显着差异。相比之下，足球运动员的 P1NP（89.5 [25.6] ng·mL⁻¹ )、OC (57.6 [22.9] ng·mL ⁻¹ ) 和 OPG (1052.5 [612.6] pg·mL ⁻¹ ) 与两名游泳者相比（P1NP：66.5 [20.9] ng·mL ⁻¹；OC：24.9 [12.5] ng·mL ^-1；OPG：275.2 [83.8] pg·mL ^-1 ) 和对照（P1NP：58.5 [16.2] ng·mL ^-1；OC：23.2 [11.9] ng·mL ^-1；OPG： 265.4 [97.6] pg·mL ⁻¹ )，CTX、硬化素和 RANKL 没有差异。这些结果表明，与游泳者和对照组相比，从事足球等高强度运动的青春期女性的骨形成更高。