Cell-traction driven electrical stimulation on piezoelectric nanofibers mediates cell behavior without chemical factors or external stimuli, indicating a promising therapy at cell level. Generally, surface modification is required to achieve favorable cell adhesion for efficient electromechanical signal transmission. Nevertheless, common modification methodologies either easily fade away or destroy the nanostructure of piezoelectric nanofibers. Herein, with the assistance of ultrasound activated surface charges, in situ hydrophilic modification on piezoelectric poly(L-lactic acid) nanofibers is first proposed for cell adhesion. Due to the electrostatic interaction between dopamine and activated piezoelectric nanofiber, the efficient and robust in situ modification is obtained without compromising the nanofibrous structure. Stimulated by the piezoelectric nanofibers with modification, neural stem cells differentiate significantly into nerve cells on day 7 without exogenous growth factors. To our knowledge, the effect of inducing stem cell differentiation far outperforms that in previous reports. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the level of both cell differentiation and directional expansion is consistent with that of cell adhesion condition regardless of the intensity of electrical cue. This connection of cell adhesion and electro-topographical stimulation effects may guide the efforts in the design of electroactive scaffolds.

压电纳米纤维上的细胞牵引驱动电刺激在没有化学因素或外部刺激的情况下介导细胞行为，这表明在细胞水平上是一种有前途的治疗方法。通常，需要进行表面改性以实现有利的细胞粘附，从而实现有效的机电信号传输。然而，常见的改性方法要么容易消失，要么会破坏压电纳米纤维的纳米结构。在此，在超声活化表面电荷的帮助下，压电聚（ L）的原位亲水改性-乳酸）纳米纤维首先被提出用于细胞粘附。由于多巴胺和活化的压电纳米纤维之间的静电相互作用，在不损害纳米纤维结构的情况下，获得了有效且稳健的原位改​​性。在经过修饰的压电纳米纤维的刺激下，神经干细胞在第 7 天显着分化为神经细胞，而没有外源性生长因子。据我们所知，诱导干细胞分化的效果远远优于之前的报道。此外，已经证明无论电信号的强度如何，细胞分化和定向扩张的水平都与细胞粘附条件的水平一致。