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Comparing long-term observations of sediment yield with estimates of soil erosion rate based on recent 137Cs measurements. Results from an experimental catchment in Southern Italy
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-09 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14663
Paolo Porto 1, 2 , Giovanni Callegari 2
Affiliation  

Recent increase of soil erosion rates in Southern Italy emphasizes the need to identify areas subjected to higher environmental risks. Over the last few decades, several techniques have been used to this purpose. They include mainly experimental sites, like plots and catchments of different size, and the use of prediction models calibrated using local parameters. More recently, some of the limitations associated with these techniques suggested the use of radiotracers, mainly 137Cs, both as alternative and complementary tools to traditional methods. However, some of the assumptions associated with the application of the 137Cs technique still require testing and validation to provide robust estimates of soil erosion rate. These assumptions relate mainly the 137Cs spatial variability on the reference area and the effects of possible additional fallout due to nuclear accidents (e.g., Chernobyl and/or Fukushima). In this contribution, a small experimental catchment located in Calabria, Southern Italy, was selected as a study area by virtue of its long-term record (29 years) of sediment yield measurements. This database made it possible a comparison between long-term observations and estimates of soil erosion rate provided by recent measurements of 137Cs. The overall results indicate that if the uncertainty of the reference value is taken into account and the Chernobyl additional flux is incorporated into a physically based conversion model, the latter is able to provide robust estimates of soil erosion rate in the area.

中文翻译:

根据最近的 137Cs 测量结果,将长期的产沙量观测值与土壤侵蚀率的估计值进行比较。意大利南部的一个实验集水区的结果

最近意大利南部土壤侵蚀率的增加强调需要确定面临较高环境风险的地区。在过去的几十年中,已经使用了几种技术来实现这一目的。它们主要包括实验地点,如不同大小的地块和集水区,以及使用使用当地参数校准的预测模型。最近,与这些技术相关的一些限制建议使用放射性示踪剂,主要是137 Cs,作为传统方法的替代和补充工具。然而,与应用137 Cs 技术相关的一些假设仍然需要测试和验证,以提供对土壤侵蚀速率的可靠估计。这些假设主要涉及137参考区域的 Cs 空间可变性以及核事故(例如,切尔诺贝利和/或福岛)可能造成的额外沉降的影响。在此贡献中,位于意大利南部卡拉布里亚的一个小型实验集水区因其沉积物产量测量的长期记录(29 年)而被选为研究区。该数据库可以对长期观测结果和最近测量的137 Cs 提供的土壤侵蚀率估计值进行比较。总体结果表明,如果将参考值的不确定性考虑在内,并将切尔诺贝利额外通量纳入基于物理的转换模型,则后者能够提供对该地区土壤侵蚀速率的稳健估计。
更新日期:2022-08-09
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