Chinese yam polysaccharides (CYP) exhibit superior adjuvant activity and modulate the immune response, but the low bioavailability limits their clinical application. Pickering emulsions have been proven as an efficient vaccine delivery system to enhance the immune response. Here, we used the Chinese Yam polysaccharides PLGA-stabilized Pickering emulsion adjuvant system (CYP-PPAS) loaded with Porcine circovirus 2 as a vaccine and focused on investigating its adjuvant activity on humoral and cellular immunity in mice. The CYP-PPAS increased PCV-2 antigen loading efficiency and showed a high antigen uptake efficiency by macrophages in vitro. In vivo, CYP-PPAS significantly facilitated DCs maturation in draining lymph nodes than CYP or PPAS alone group. The CYP-PPAS also induced an increased proliferation index and a CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio. Meanwhile, in contrast to the CYP and PPAS groups, CYP-PPAS elicited a stronger anti-PCV-2 IgG and mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. Specifically, the CYP-PPAS group displayed the high expression of CD107a, FasL, and Granzyme B secretion to augment a strong cytotoxic lymphocyte response. Overall, the CYP-PPAS was a successful adjuvant system for promoting humoral and cellular immune responses, which opens up an avenue for the development of effective adjuvants against infectious diseases.

山药多糖（CYP）表现出优异的佐剂活性并调节免疫反应，但低生物利用度限制了其临床应用。皮克林乳剂已被证明是一种有效的疫苗递送系统，可增强免疫反应。在这里，我们使用载有猪圆环病毒 2 的山药多糖 PLGA 稳定的皮克林乳剂佐剂系统 (CYP-PPAS) 作为疫苗，重点研究其对小鼠体液和细胞免疫的佐剂活性。CYP-PPAS 提高了 PCV-2 抗原装载效率，并在体外显示出巨噬细胞对抗原的高摄取效率。在体内，与单独使用 CYP 或 PPAS 组相比，CYP-PPAS 显着促进了引流淋巴结中 DCs 的成熟。CYP-PPAS 还诱导增殖指数增加和 CD4 ⁺/CD8 ⁺比率。同时，与 CYP 和 PPAS 组相比，CYP-PPAS 引发更强的抗 PCV-2 IgG 和混合 Th1/Th2 免疫反应。具体而言，CYP-PPAS 组表现出 CD107a、FasL 和粒酶 B 分泌的高表达，以增强强烈的细胞毒性淋巴细胞反应。总体而言，CYP-PPAS 是一种成功的促进体液和细胞免疫反应的佐剂系统，为开发有效的传染病佐剂开辟了道路。