Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection,Nature Communications

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Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection
Nature Communications ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-10 , DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32396-9
Khadija Khan _{1,

2} , Farina Karim _{1,

2} , Yashica Ganga ₁ , Mallory Bernstein ₁ , Zesuliwe Jule ₁ , Kajal Reedoy ₁ , Sandile Cele _{1,

2} , Gila Lustig ₃ , Daniel Amoako _{4,

5} , Nicole Wolter _{4,

6} , Natasha Samsunder ₃ , Aida Sivro _{3,

7} , James Emmanuel San ₈ , Jennifer Giandhari ₈ , Houriiyah Tegally _{8,

9} , Sureshnee Pillay ₈ , Yeshnee Naidoo ₈ , Matilda Mazibuko ₁ , Yoliswa Miya ₁ , Nokuthula Ngcobo ₁ , Nithendra Manickchund ₁₀ , Nombulelo Magula ₁₁ , Quarraisha Abdool Karim _{3,

12} , Anne von Gottberg _{4,

6} , Salim S Abdool Karim _{3,

12} , Willem Hanekom _{1,

13} , Bernadett I Gosnell ₁₀ , , Richard J Lessells ₈ , Tulio de Oliveira _{8,

9,

14} , Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa ₁₀ , Alex Sigal _{1,

2,

3,

15}

Affiliation

Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa.
National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Durban, South Africa.
Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation (CERI), School of Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Division of Internal Medicine, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.4 and BA.5 sub-lineages, first detected in South Africa, have changes relative to Omicron BA.1 including substitutions in the spike receptor binding domain. Here we isolated live BA.4 and BA.5 viruses and measured BA.4/BA.5 neutralization elicited by BA.1 infection either in the absence or presence of previous vaccination as well as from vaccination without BA.1 infection. In BA.1-infected unvaccinated individuals, neutralization relative to BA.1 declines 7.6-fold for BA.4 and 7.5-fold for BA.5. In vaccinated individuals with subsequent BA.1 infection, neutralization relative to BA.1 decreases 3.2-fold for BA.4 and 2.6-fold for BA.5. The fold-drop versus ancestral virus neutralization in this group is 4.0-fold for BA.1, 12.9-fold for BA.4, and 10.3-fold for BA.5. In contrast, BA.4/BA.5 escape is similar to BA.1 in the absence of BA.1 elicited immunity: fold-drop relative to ancestral virus neutralization is 19.8-fold for BA.1, 19.6-fold for BA.4, and 20.9-fold for BA.5. These results show considerable escape of BA.4/BA.5 from BA.1 elicited immunity which is moderated with vaccination and may indicate that BA.4/BA.5 may have the strongest selective advantage in evading neutralization relative to BA.1 in unvaccinated, BA.1 infected individuals.

中文翻译：

Omicron BA.4/BA.5 逃避 BA.1 感染引起的中和免疫

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.4 和 BA.5 亚系首次在南非检测到，相对于 Omicron BA.1 发生了变化，包括刺突受体结合域的替换。在这里，我们分离了活的 BA.4 和 BA.5 病毒，并测量了在没有或存在先前疫苗接种的情况下以及在没有 BA.1 感染的情况下接种疫苗时由 BA.1 感染引起的 BA.4/BA.5 中和作用。在感染 BA.1 的未接种疫苗的个体中，相对于 BA.1，BA.4 的中和作用下降了 7.6 倍，BA.5 的中和作用下降了 7.5 倍。在随后感染 BA.1 的接种疫苗个体中，相对于 BA.1，BA.4 的中和作用降低了 3.2 倍，BA.5 的中和作用降低了 2.6 倍。该组中与祖先病毒中和相比，BA.1 的下降倍数为 4.0 倍，BA.4 为 12.9 倍，BA.5 为 10.3 倍。相反，在没有 BA.1 引发免疫的情况下，BA.4/BA.5 逃逸与 BA.1 相似：相对于祖先病毒中和的倍数下降，BA.1 为 19.8 倍，BA 为 19.6 倍。 4 倍，BA.5 的 20.9 倍。这些结果显示 BA.4/BA.5 从 BA.1 中大量逃逸，引发了免疫，这种免疫可通过疫苗接种来调节，并且可能表明 BA.4/BA.5 相对于 BA.1 在逃避中和方面可能具有最强的选择优势。未接种疫苗的 BA.1 感染者。

更新日期：2022-08-10

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