Epithelial transformation and carcinogenesis are characterized by profound alterations in cell mechanics that significantly affect multiple steps of the metastatic cascade. The ability of cancer cells to grow in the primary tumor, to locally invade through the confining extracellular matrix, to survive in circulation, and to extravasate into distant vital organs all depend on specific mechanical characteristics. Importantly, recent studies have shown that the mechanical properties of cancer cells also influence their interactions with immune and stromal cells. Here, we discuss the mechanical changes that cancer cells undergo during metastasis, how these changes affect immune and stromal responses, and the implications of these new insights for therapeutic intervention.

中文翻译：

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基质外转移的机械调节

上皮转化和癌发生的特点是细胞力学的深刻改变，显着影响转移级联的多个步骤。癌细胞在原发肿瘤中生长、通过限制的细胞外基质局部侵入、在循环中存活以及外渗到远处重要器官的能力都取决于特定的机械特性。重要的是，最近的研究表明癌细胞的机械特性也会影响它们与免疫细胞和基质细胞的相互作用。在这里，我们讨论癌细胞在转移过程中经历的机械变化，这些变化如何影响免疫和基质反应，以及这些新见解对治疗干预的影响。