Background: 

In the United States, there are racial disparities in 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding. Only, 25.8% of American infants were breastfed for the first 180 days of life, with African American infants least (19.8%) exclusively breastfed in 2018.

Purpose: 

The meta-ethnography explored the breastfeeding support for African American women in the United States.

Data Sources: 

The online databases of American Psychological Association, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, and Scopus were searched with key words, and the search was not limited by the year of publication.

Study Selection: 

The inclusion criteria for the study selection entailed all qualitative studies conducted on breastfeeding support among self-identified African American women in the United States, written in English language, peer reviewed, or dissertation. The initial search produced 905 articles of which 8 met the eligibility criteria.

Data Extraction: 

Data extraction and analysis were guided by Noblit and Hare's (1988) meta-ethnography approach. The analysis process was completed by a team of researchers, inclusive of breastfeeding experts.

Results: 

Five overarching themes emerged including trustworthy information; early postpartum support by key influencers; maternal culture; tangible resources, and Black mothers' empowerment.

Implications for Practice and Research: 

Social support is a major determinant for the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding among African American women in the United States. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the social support of breastfeeding among African American women in the United States.

中文翻译：

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美国非裔美国妇女的母乳喂养社会支持：元民族志

背景： 

在美国，6个月的纯母乳喂养存在种族差异。仅 25.8% 的美国婴儿在出生后的前 180 天接受母乳喂养，其中非洲裔美国婴儿在 2018 年完全母乳喂养的比例最低（19.8%）。

目的： 

元民族志探讨了对美国非裔美国妇女的母乳喂养支持。

数据源： 

以关键词检索美国心理学会、PsycINFO、Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Publication、PubMed、Scopus等在线数据库，检索不受发表年份限制。

研究选择： 

研究选择的纳入标准包括在美国自我认定的非裔美国女性中进行的所有关于母乳喂养支持的定性研究，这些研究以英语撰写、同行评审或论文。初步检索产生了 905 篇文章，其中 8 篇符合资格标准。

数据提取： 

数据提取和分析以 Noblit 和 Hare (1988) 的元民族志方法为指导。分析过程由包括母乳喂养专家在内的研究团队完成。

结果： 

出现了五个总体主题，包括值得信赖的信息；关键影响者的产后早期支持；母性文化；有形资源和黑人母亲的赋权。

对实践和研究的影响： 

社会支持是美国非裔美国妇女开始和继续母乳喂养的主要决定因素。未来的纵向研究有必要探索美国非裔美国女性母乳喂养的社会支持。