Metal pollution in aquatic environment of coal mines is of serious concern and requires to be dealt with to maintain sustainable mining practices. The spatio-temporal variation in metal pollution of surface water of Talcher coalfield area were determined by using multivariate statistical techniques and pollution indices. A total of 56 water samples were collected and analyzed for Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Co, Se, As, Hg, Cr, Ni, Mn, and Al in pre-monsoon and monsoon season. Spatial distribution maps were prepared so that the quality of surface water could easily be recognized. High values of Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), Degree of Contamination (Dc), and Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI) were observed for 3%, 6%, 0% samples in pre-monsoon and 1%, 6%, 3% samples in monsoon. Sewage Treatment Plants (STP), Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP), and Mine Discharge Treatment Plants (MDTP) were found to have low to moderate efficiency in treating metals. The HPI of streams and rivers were observed to be higher in pre-monsoon than that of the monsoon season possibly due to dilution effect caused by intense rain in monsoon. The HPI of downstream was noted to be higher than the upstream indicating pollution due to mine effluent discharge. The average concentrations of Cd, Se, As, Ni, and Al in pre-monsoon and Fe, Cd, Se, As, Ni, and Al in monsoon exceeded the permissible drinking water limits set by WHO (WHO, Guidelines for drinking-water quality, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2011) and BIS (BIS (2012) Drinking water specifications 2nd revision. Bureau of Indian standards (IS 10500: 2012). New Delhi. ftp://law.resource.org/in/bis/S06/is.10500.2012.pdf). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significant seasonal variation (p < 0.05) of Fe concentration between pre-monsoon and monsoon. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified major sources of metal pollution in water such as earth’s crust and the geological formation of the region, coal mining activities, industrial pollution, vehicular emission and coal burning. Cluster analysis (CA) identified 19 moderately polluted sites, 6 highly polluted sites, 3 very highly polluted sites and 1 severely polluted site in and around the Talcher coalfield area. This study is useful for formulating the metal pollution mitigation plan to enhance the water quality of Talcher coalfield area which affect the aquatic organism as well as the human health.

煤矿水环境中的金属污染是一个严重的问题，需要加以处理以维持可持续的采矿实践。采用多元统计技术和污染指数确定了Talcher煤田地区地表水金属污染的时空变化。在季风前和季风季节共采集并分析了 56 个水样的 Fe、Zn、Cu、Cd、Pb、Co、Se、As、Hg、Cr、Ni、Mn 和 Al。准备了空间分布图，以便可以轻松识别地表水的质量。季风前的 3%、6%、0% 样品和 1%、6%、3 % 季风样本。污水处理厂 (STP)、污水处理厂 (ETP)、发现矿山排放处理厂 (MDTP) 在处理金属方面的效率从低到中等。观察到溪流和河流的HPI在季风前高于季风季节，可能是由于季风强降雨造成的稀释效应。下游的 HPI 高于上游，表明由于矿山污水排放造成污染。季风前 Cd、Se、As、Ni 和 Al 以及季风中 Fe、Cd、Se、As、Ni 和 Al 的平均浓度超过了 WHO 规定的饮用水允许限值（WHO，饮用水指南质量，世界卫生组织，日内瓦，2011 年）和 BIS (BIS (2012) 饮用水规范第 2 次修订版。印度标准局 (IS 10500: 2012)。新德里。ftp://law.resource.org/in/bis /S06/is.10500.2012.pdf)。p  < 0.05) Fe 浓度在季风前和季风之间。主成分分析 (PCA) 确定了水中金属污染的主要来源，例如地壳和该地区的地质构造、煤炭开采活动、工业污染、车辆排放和煤炭燃烧。聚类分析 (CA) 在 Talcher 煤田及其周边地区确定了 19 个中度污染场地、6 个重度污染场地、3 个高度污染场地和 1 个重度污染场地。该研究有助于制定金属污染缓解计划，以提高影响水生生物和人类健康的塔尔切尔煤田水质。