Research examining paramedic care of back pain is limited. To describe ambulance service use and usual paramedic care for back pain, the effectiveness and safety of paramedic care of back pain, and the characteristics of people with back pain who seek care from paramedics. We included published peer-reviewed studies of people with back pain who received any type of paramedic care on-scene and/or during transport to hospital. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and SciELO from inception to July 2022. Two authors independently screened and selected the studies, performed data extraction, and assessed the methodological quality using the PEDro, AMSTAR 2 and Hawker tools. This review followed the JBI methodological guidance for scoping reviews and PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. From 1987 articles we included 26 articles (25 unique studies) consisting of 22 observational studies, three randomised controlled trials and one review. Back pain is frequently in the top 3 reasons for calls to an ambulance service with more than two thirds of cases receiving ambulance dispatch. It takes ~ 8 min from time of call to an ambulance being dispatched and 16% of calls for back pain receive transport to hospital. Pharmacological management of back pain includes benzodiazepines, NSAIDs, opioids, nitrous oxide, and paracetamol. Non-pharmacological care is poorly reported and includes referral to alternate health service, counselling and behavioural interventions and self-care advice. Only three trials have evaluated effectiveness of paramedic treatments (TENS, active warming, and administration of opioids) and no studies provided safety or costing data. Paramedics are frequently responding to people with back pain. Use of pain medicines is common but varies according to the type of back pain and setting, while non-pharmacological care is poorly reported. There is a lack of research evaluating the effectiveness and safety of paramedic care for back pain.

中文翻译：

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背痛的护理人员管理：范围审查

检查背痛护理人员的研究是有限的。描述救护车服务的使用和通常的护理人员对背痛的护理，护理人员护理背痛的有效性和安全性，以及寻求护理人员护理的背痛患者的特征。我们纳入了已发表的经同行评审的研究，研究对象为在现场和/或运送到医院期间接受任何类型的护理人员护理的背痛患者。我们检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、Web of Science 和 SciELO 从开始到 2022 年 7 月。两位作者独立筛选和选择研究，进行数据提取，并使用 PEDro、AMSTAR 2 和 Hawker 工具评估方法学质量。本次审查遵循 JBI 范围审查的方法指南和范围审查的 PRISMA 扩展。从 1987 篇文章中，我们纳入了 26 篇文章（25 项独特的研究），其中包括 22 项观察性研究、3 项随机对照试验和 1 项综述。背痛经常是呼叫救护车服务的前 3 大原因，超过三分之二的病例接受救护车调度。从呼叫到派出救护车大约需要 8 分钟，16% 的背痛呼叫会被送往医院。背痛的药物治疗包括苯二氮卓类药物、非甾体抗炎药、阿片类药物、一氧化二氮和扑热息痛。非药物护理报告很少，包括转诊至替代医疗服务、咨询和行为干预以及自我护理建议。只有三项试验评估了护理人员治疗的有效性（TENS、主动升温、和阿片类药物的管理），没有研究提供安全性或成本数据。医护人员经常对背痛患者做出反应。止痛药的使用很常见，但因背痛类型和环境而异，而非药物治疗的报道很少。缺乏评估护理人员治疗背痛的有效性和安全性的研究。