Nature Ecology & Evolution ( IF 16.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-08 , DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01831-x Jingjing Liang 1 , Javier G P Gamarra 2 , Nicolas Picard 3 , Mo Zhou 1 , Bryan Pijanowski 4 , Douglass F Jacobs 4 , Peter B Reich 5, 6, 7 , Thomas W Crowther 8 , Gert-Jan Nabuurs 9, 10 , Sergio de-Miguel 11, 12 , Jingyun Fang 13 , Christopher W Woodall 14 , Jens-Christian Svenning 15, 16 , Tommaso Jucker 17 , Jean-Francois Bastin 18 , Susan K Wiser 19 , Ferry Slik 20 , Bruno Hérault 21, 22 , Giorgio Alberti 23, 24, 25 , Gunnar Keppel 26 , Geerten M Hengeveld 27, 28 , Pierre L Ibisch 29 , Carlos A Silva 30 , Hans Ter Steege 31 , Pablo L Peri 32 , David A Coomes 33 , Eric B Searle 34 , Klaus von Gadow 35, 36, 37 , Bogdan Jaroszewicz 38 , Akane O Abbasi 1 , Meinrad Abegg 39 , Yves C Adou Yao 40 , Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez 41, 42 , Angelica M Almeyda Zambrano 43 , Jan Altman 44, 45 , Esteban Alvarez-Dávila 46 , Juan Gabriel Álvarez-González 47 , Luciana F Alves 48 , Bienvenu H K Amani 49 , Christian A Amani 50 , Christian Ammer 51 , Bhely Angoboy Ilondea 52 , Clara Antón-Fernández 53 , Valerio Avitabile 54 , Gerardo A Aymard 55 , Akomian F Azihou 56 , Johan A Baard 57 , Timothy R Baker 58 , Radomir Balazy 59 , Meredith L Bastian 60, 61 , Rodrigue Batumike 62 , Marijn Bauters 63, 64 , Hans Beeckman 65 , Nithanel Mikael Hendrik Benu 66 , Robert Bitariho 67 , Pascal Boeckx 64 , Jan Bogaert 68 , Frans Bongers 10 , Olivier Bouriaud 69 , Pedro H S Brancalion 70 , Susanne Brandl 71 , Francis Q Brearley 72 , Jaime Briseno-Reyes 73 , Eben N Broadbent 30 , Helge Bruelheide 74, 75 , Erwin Bulte 76 , Ann Christine Catlin 77 , Roberto Cazzolla Gatti 78 , Ricardo G César 70 , Han Y H Chen 34 , Chelsea Chisholm 79 , Emil Cienciala 80, 81 , Gabriel D Colletta 82 , José Javier Corral-Rivas 73 , Anibal Cuchietti 83 , Aida Cuni-Sanchez 84, 85 , Javid A Dar 86, 87, 88 , Selvadurai Dayanandan 89 , Thales de Haulleville 65, 68 , Mathieu Decuyper 10 , Sylvain Delabye 90, 91 , Géraldine Derroire 92 , Ben DeVries 93 , John Diisi 94 , Tran Van Do 95 , Jiri Dolezal 44, 96 , Aurélie Dourdain 92 , Graham P Durrheim 57 , Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang 97 , Corneille E N Ewango 98 , Teresa J Eyre 99 , Tom M Fayle 91, 100 , Lethicia Flavine N Feunang 101 , Leena Finér 102 , Markus Fischer 103 , Jonas Fridman 104 , Lorenzo Frizzera 105 , André L de Gasper 106 , Damiano Gianelle 105 , Henry B Glick 107 , Maria Socorro Gonzalez-Elizondo 108 , Lev Gorenstein 77 , Richard Habonayo 109 , Olivier J Hardy 110 , David J Harris 111 , Andrew Hector 112 , Andreas Hemp 113 , Martin Herold 114 , Annika Hillers 115, 116 , Wannes Hubau 65, 117 , Thomas Ibanez 118 , Nobuo Imai 119 , Gerard Imani 120 , Andrzej M Jagodzinski 121, 122 , Stepan Janecek 90 , Vivian Kvist Johannsen 123 , Carlos A Joly 124 , Blaise Jumbam 125, 126 , Banoho L P R Kabelong 101 , Goytom Abraha Kahsay 127 , Viktor Karminov 128 , Kuswata Kartawinata 129 , Justin N Kassi 130 , Elizabeth Kearsley 131 , Deborah K Kennard 132 , Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas 123 , Mohammed Latif Khan 133 , John N Kigomo 134 , Hyun Seok Kim 135, 136, 137, 138 , Carine Klauberg 30 , Yannick Klomberg 90 , Henn Korjus 139 , Subashree Kothandaraman 87, 88 , Florian Kraxner 140 , Amit Kumar 141 , Relawan Kuswandi 66 , Mait Lang 139, 142 , Michael J Lawes 143 , Rodrigo V Leite 144 , Geoffrey Lentner 77 , Simon L Lewis 58, 145 , Moses B Libalah 101, 146 , Janvier Lisingo 147 , Pablito Marcelo López-Serrano 148 , Huicui Lu 149 , Natalia V Lukina 150 , Anne Mette Lykke 151 , Vincent Maicher 90, 91, 152 , Brian S Maitner 153 , Eric Marcon 92, 154 , Andrew R Marshall 155, 156, 157 , Emanuel H Martin 158 , Olga Martynenko 128 , Faustin M Mbayu 98 , Musingo T E Mbuvi 159 , Jorge A Meave 160 , Cory Merow 161 , Stanislaw Miscicki 162 , Vanessa S Moreno 70 , Albert Morera 12 , Sharif A Mukul 163 , Jörg C Müller 164, 165 , Agustinus Murdjoko 166 , Maria Guadalupe Nava-Miranda 148 , Litonga Elias Ndive 167 , Victor J Neldner 99 , Radovan V Nevenic 168 , Louis N Nforbelie 101 , Michael L Ngoh 169, 170 , Anny E N'Guessan 40 , Michael R Ngugi 99 , Alain S K Ngute 163, 171 , Emile Narcisse N Njila 101 , Melanie C Nyako 101 , Thomas O Ochuodho 172 , Jacek Oleksyn 121 , Alain Paquette 173 , Elena I Parfenova 174 , Minjee Park 4 , Marc Parren 10 , Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy 88 , Sebastian Pfautsch 175 , Oliver L Phillips 58 , Maria T F Piedade 176 , Daniel Piotto 177 , Martina Pollastrini 178 , Lourens Poorter 10 , John R Poulsen 152 , Axel Dalberg Poulsen 111 , Hans Pretzsch 179 , Mirco Rodeghiero 105, 180 , Samir G Rolim 177 , Francesco Rovero 181, 182 , Ervan Rutishauser 183 , Khosro Sagheb-Talebi 184 , Purabi Saikia 185 , Moses Nsanyi Sainge 169, 186 , Christian Salas-Eljatib 187, 188, 189 , Antonello Salis 2 , Peter Schall 51 , Dmitry Schepaschenko 140, 174, 190 , Michael Scherer-Lorenzen 191 , Bernhard Schmid 192 , Jochen Schöngart 176 , Vladimír Šebeň 193 , Giacomo Sellan 72, 194 , Federico Selvi 178 , Josep M Serra-Diaz 195 , Douglas Sheil 10, 196 , Anatoly Z Shvidenko 140 , Plinio Sist 197 , Alexandre F Souza 198 , Krzysztof J Stereńczak 59 , Martin J P Sullivan 72 , Somaiah Sundarapandian 88 , Miroslav Svoboda 45 , Mike D Swaine 199 , Natalia Targhetta 176 , Nadja Tchebakova 174 , Liam A Trethowan 200 , Robert Tropek 90, 91 , John Tshibamba Mukendi 201 , Peter Mbanda Umunay 202 , Vladimir A Usoltsev 203 , Gaia Vaglio Laurin 204 , Riccardo Valentini 204 , Fernando Valladares 205 , Fons van der Plas 206 , Daniel José Vega-Nieva 73 , Hans Verbeeck 131 , Helder Viana 207, 208 , Alexander C Vibrans 209 , Simone A Vieira 210 , Jason Vleminckx 211 , Catherine E Waite 212 , Hua-Feng Wang 213 , Eric Katembo Wasingya 98 , Chemuku Wekesa 214 , Bertil Westerlund 104 , Florian Wittmann 215 , Verginia Wortel 216 , Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki 217 , Chunyu Zhang 218 , Xiuhai Zhao 218 , Jun Zhu 219 , Xiao Zhu 77 , Zhi-Xin Zhu 213 , Irie C Zo-Bi 220 , Cang Hui 221, 222
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The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025° × 0.025°) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from ~1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers.
中文翻译：
对低纬度地区的共同限制塑造了全球森林多样性梯度
纬度多样性梯度 (LDG) 是在广泛的分类群中展示的最受认可的全球物种丰富度模式之一。在过去的两个世纪中，人们提出了许多假设来解释 LDG，但由于缺乏高质量的全球物种丰富度数据，对 LDG 驱动因素的严格测试受到了限制。在这里，我们使用全球森林清单数据库制作了一张高分辨率 (0.025° × 0.025°) 当地树种丰富度的地图，其中包含来自约 130 万个样本地的个体树木信息和当地生物物理特征。然后，我们量化了跨纬度的当地树种丰富度模式的驱动因素。一般来说，年平均温度是树种丰富度的主要预测因子，这与生物多样性代谢理论（MTB）最为一致。然而，MTB 低估了热带地区的 LDG，那里的高物种丰富度也受到当地规模的地形、土壤和人为因素的影响。鉴于局部景观变量在塑造全球 LDG 模式时与生物气候因素协同作用，我们建议将 MTB 扩展到考虑下属驱动因素的共同限制。
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