The collection of zooplankton swimmers and sinkers in time-series sediment traps provides unique insight into year-round and interannual trends in zooplankton population dynamics. These samples are particularly valuable in remote and difficult to access areas such as the Arctic Ocean, where samples from the ice-covered season are rare. In the present study, we investigated zooplankton composition based on swimmers and sinkers collected by sediment traps at water depths of 180–280, 800–1320, and 2320–2550 m, over a period of 16 yr (2000–2016) at the Long-Term Ecological Research observatory HAUSGARTEN located in the eastern Fram Strait (79°N, 4°E). The time-series data showed seasonal and interannual trends within the dominant zooplankton groups including copepoda, foraminifera, ostracoda, amphipoda, pteropoda, and chaetognatha. Amphipoda and copepoda dominated the abundance of swimmers while pteropoda and foraminifera were the most important sinkers. Although the seasonal occurrence of these groups was relatively consistent between years, there were notable interannual variations in abundance, suggesting the influence of various environmental conditions such as sea-ice dynamic and lateral advection of water masses, for example, meltwater and Atlantic water. Statistical analyses revealed a correlation between the Arctic dipole climatic index and sea-ice dynamics (i.e., ice coverage and concentration), as well as the importance of the distance from the ice edge on swimmer composition patterns and carbon export.

中文翻译：

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2000-2016年弗拉姆海峡东部大西洋化和海冰动态变化对浮游动物群落结构和碳通量的影响

时间序列沉积物陷阱中的浮游动物游泳者和沉降物的收集提供了对浮游动物种群动态的全年和年际趋势的独特见解。这些样本在偏远且难以进入的地区（例如北冰洋）特别有价值，在这些地区，冰雪覆盖季节的样本很少见。在本研究中，我们研究了在 16 年（2000-2016 年）期间，在 Long -Term Ecological Research 天文台 HAUSGARTEN 位于弗拉姆海峡东部（79°N，4°E）。时间序列数据显示了主要浮游动物群内的季节性和年际趋势，包括桡足类、有孔虫类、介形类、片足类、翼足类和毛颚类。端足类和桡足类在游泳者中占主导地位，而翼足类和有孔类是最重要的沉降物。尽管这些组的季节性发生在年份之间相对一致，但丰度存在显着的年际变化，这表明各种环境条件的影响，例如海冰动态和水团的横向平流，例如融水和大西洋水。统计分析揭示了北极偶极子气候指数与海冰动态（即冰覆盖和浓度）之间的相关性，以及与冰边缘的距离对游泳者组成模式和碳输出的重要性。尽管这些组的季节性发生在年份之间相对一致，但丰度存在显着的年际变化，这表明各种环境条件的影响，例如海冰动态和水团的横向平流，例如融水和大西洋水。统计分析揭示了北极偶极子气候指数与海冰动态（即冰覆盖和浓度）之间的相关性，以及与冰边缘的距离对游泳者组成模式和碳输出的重要性。尽管这些组的季节性发生在年份之间相对一致，但丰度存在显着的年际变化，这表明各种环境条件的影响，例如海冰动态和水团的横向平流，例如融水和大西洋水。统计分析揭示了北极偶极子气候指数与海冰动态（即冰覆盖和浓度）之间的相关性，以及与冰边缘的距离对游泳者组成模式和碳输出的重要性。