Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) threaten human and ecosystem health, and are among the most widely used engineered nanomaterials that reach wastewater during production, usage, and disposal phases. This study evaluated the effect of a 100-fold increase in collargol (protein-coated AgNP) and Ag⁺ ions concentrations in municipal wastewater on the microbial community composition of the filter material biofilms (FMB) and the purification efficiency of the hybrid treatment system consisting of vertical (VF) and horizontal (HF) subsurface flow filters. We found that increased amounts of collargol and AgNO₃ in wastewater had a modest effect on the prokaryotic community composition in FMB and did not significantly affect the performance of the studied system. Regardless of how Ag was introduced, 99.9% of it was removed by the system. AgNPs and AgNO₃ concentrations did not significantly affect the purification efficiency of the system. AgNO₃ induced a higher increase in the genetic potential of certain Ag resistance mechanisms in VFs than collargol; however, the increase in Ag resistance potential was similar for both substances in HF. Hence, the microbial community composition in biofilms of vertical and horizontal flow filters is largely resistant, resilient, or functionally redundant in response to AgNPs addition in the form of collargol.

银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 威胁人类和生态系统的健康，是使用最广泛的工程纳米材料之一，在生产、使用和处置阶段会进入废水。本研究评估了城市废水中的 colgol（蛋白质包被的 AgNP）和 Ag ⁺离子浓度增加 100 倍对过滤材料生物膜 (FMB) 的微生物群落组成和混合处理系统的净化效率的影响。垂直 (VF) 和水平 (HF) 地下流动过滤器。我们发现增加的 colgol 和 AgNO ₃在废水中对 FMB 中的原核生物群落组成有适度的影响，并且没有显着影响所研究系统的性能。不管 Ag 是如何引入的，99.9% 的 Ag 都被系统去除了。AgNPs和AgNO ₃浓度对系统的净化效率没有显着影响。AgNO ₃在 VFs 中诱导的某些 Ag 抗性机制的遗传潜力比 colgol 更高；然而，在 HF 中，两种物质的 Ag 电阻电位的增加是相似的。因此，垂直和水平流过滤器的生物膜中的微生物群落组成在很大程度上是抗性的、有弹性的或功能冗余的，以响应以 colgol 形式添加的 AgNPs。